Cardiac Roadmapping Motion Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cardiac roadmapping techniques suffer from motion-related inaccuracies and fatigue due to cardiac and respiratory movements, leading to poor visualization and increased complexity during interventions like PTCA, as they require subjective fusion of static angiograms with live fluoroscopy, which can result in misalignments and reduced positioning accuracy.
Innovation Solution
An examination apparatus that creates a static reference map from an angiographic sequence and overlays a device map sequence onto it using composed motion vector fields, providing a motion-free navigation sequence for accurate device localization within the vessel anatomy, thereby reducing the impact of cardiac and respiratory motions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a static diagnostic angiogram is overlaid onto the fluoroscopic image stream, then navigation support is provided, but mismatches occur due to patient movements and vessel changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from a static overlay approach to a dynamic roadmapping system that continuously updates the reference angiogram to match the current cardiac phase. The system extracts motion information from electrocardiogram signals and dynamically adjusts the reference image timing to synchronize with real-time fluoroscopy, thereby maintaining alignment despite cardiac and respiratory movements.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback by using electrocardiogram signals to monitor cardiac phase in real-time and adjusting the timing of the reference angiogram accordingly. This closed-loop approach ensures that the roadmap continuously reflects the current cardiac state, correcting for motion discrepancies as they occur during the intervention.
2Loss of information
If diagnostic angiograms are acquired with varying imager geometries, then diagnosis and intervention planning are improved, but navigation accuracy deteriorates due to geometric mismatches
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies copying by creating a digital replica of the reference angiogram that can be dynamically adjusted and overlaid on fluoroscopic images. This virtual copy allows for timing adjustments without requiring re-acquisition of images, preserving diagnostic quality while enabling real-time synchronization with cardiac phase.
3Loss of information
If overlay techniques are used to visualize vessels and devices, then navigation support is enhanced, but image quality deteriorates due to motion mismatches
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically synchronizes the reference angiogram timing with the current cardiac phase using electrocardiogram feedback, ensuring that the overlay images remain aligned despite cardiac and respiratory movements. This dynamic adjustment maintains high overlay quality throughout the intervention.
Data Source
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AI summary
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a cardiac roadmapping technique is provided, in which a static roadmap is built onto which a view of the intervention device is projected at the correct location. This new viewing mode combines the advantages of both roadmapping, i.e. accurate localization, and the advantages of a motion- free view, i.e. maximum readability.