Cartridge-Based Sample Processing for Heterogeneous Particulates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for chemical analysis of samples with solids or suspended particulate matter, such as food, soil, blood, and semen, require laborious sample preparation and are not well-suited for processing samples with intrinsic heterogeneity or bulk solids, due to the need for precise environmental and chemical conditions.
Innovation Solution
A cartridge-based system with a separation column and channels for receiving raw samples, using a separation fluid of defined density and rotational device to sediment particulates, allowing for direct processing and analysis of samples with bulk solids or particulates, enabling multiple assays from a single sample.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional sample preparation methods (pulverization and centrifugation) are used for samples with solids or suspended particulate matter, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and loss of time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple sample preparation steps (pulverization, centrifugation, and analysis) into a single integrated cartridge system. The cartridge contains both solid sample compartments and liquid sample compartments, allowing simultaneous processing of heterogeneous samples without requiring separate preparation devices and procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The cartridge is designed to handle multiple sample types (solids, suspended particulate matter, and liquids) using the same device architecture. The system can process food, soil, blood, and other heterogeneous samples through a unified approach, eliminating the need for different preparation methods for different sample types.
2Measurement precision
If conventional sample preparation methods are used for samples with solids or suspended particulate matter, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cartridge pre-positions both solid and liquid sample compartments along with necessary reagents before analysis begins. This preliminary arrangement eliminates the need for time-consuming sequential preparation steps during actual analysis, as all components are ready for immediate processing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple sample preparation steps (pulverization, centrifugation, and analysis) into a single integrated cartridge system. The cartridge contains both solid sample compartments and liquid sample compartments, allowing simultaneous processing of heterogeneous samples without requiring separate preparation devices and procedures.
3Device complexity
If conventional sedimentation assays are used, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability to process heterogeneous samples deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The cartridge is designed to handle multiple sample types (solids, suspended particulate matter, and liquids) using the same device architecture. The system can process food, soil, blood, and other heterogeneous samples through a unified approach, eliminating the need for different preparation methods for different sample types.
Solution Approach 2:
The cartridge is divided into distinct compartments for solid samples, liquid samples, and reagents. This segmentation allows each compartment to be optimized for its specific function while maintaining overall system simplicity. The modular design enables the cartridge to adapt to different sample types without increasing complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates efficient and accurate analysis of samples with bulk solids or particulates by separating and processing them within the cartridge, reducing labor and time delays associated with sample preparation, and accommodating a wide range of sample types.
Implementation Method 1
a rotational device for rotating the cartridge at defined rotational rates for defined time intervals
Implementation Method 2
The suspended beads and analyte are then sedimented through a density medium by centrifugation causing the particles to be separated from the sample
Implementation Method 3
The cartridge may contain a separation fluid of defined density
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure describes methods and devices with which to process and analyze difficult chemical, biological, environmental samples including but not limited to those containing bulk solids or particulates. The disclosure includes a cartridge which contains a separation tube as well as one or more valves and cavities for receiving raw sample materials and for directing and containing various fluids or samples. The cartridge may contain a separation fluid or density medium of defined density, and structures which direct particulates toward defined regions of the cartridge. Embodiments can include a rotational device for rotating the cartridge at defined rotational rates for defined time intervals. Embodiments allowing multiple assays from a single sample are also disclosed. In some embodiments, this device is used for direct processing and chemical analysis of food, soil, blood, stool, motor oil, semen, and other samples of interest.