Cascaded Phase Shift Coupler for RF Selectivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing combiner apparatus for wireless communication networks face challenges in achieving radio frequency selectivity with reduced costs and size, particularly when sharing infrastructure between different operators or technologies using the same frequency band, due to the need for high-performance filters that are large and expensive, and the difficulty in achieving sufficient isolation between radio frequency sub-bands.
Innovation Solution
The apparatus employs cascading 90 degree phase shift coupling means with resonating elements of different Q values and technologies, allowing for the creation of transmission zeros without cross-coupling between resonators, enabling the use of smaller and less expensive components while maintaining effective frequency selectivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If high-performance filters are used to achieve radio frequency selectivity, then frequency selectivity is improved, but device size and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The filter is divided into multiple cascaded stages, each contributing to the overall frequency selectivity. This segmentation allows achieving high selectivity through cumulative effect of multiple simpler stages rather than requiring a single large high-performance filter
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses resonators with different Q values (quality factors) in different stages of the filter. By varying the Q parameter across stages, the filter achieves improved frequency selectivity while using smaller, less expensive components rather than requiring all high-performance high-Q resonators
2Measurement precision
If high-performance filters are used to achieve radio frequency selectivity, then frequency selectivity is improved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
By using resonators with different Q values in different filter stages, the invention reduces the need for expensive high-Q resonators throughout. Lower Q resonators are cheaper to manufacture, and their cumulative effect in cascaded stages still achieves the required frequency selectivity
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces expensive high-performance filters with a combination of simpler, less expensive resonators and coupling means. The use of lower Q resonators that are cheaper to manufacture while achieving the same overall performance through clever architectural design
3Ease of manufacture
If infrastructure is shared between different operators or technologies, then cost is reduced, but radio frequency isolation becomes more difficult to achieve
Solution Approach 1:
The filter is segmented into multiple stages with different resonator Q values, allowing each stage to handle specific frequency separation requirements. This segmentation makes it easier to achieve the necessary isolation between different operators' or technologies' signals while sharing the infrastructure
Solution Approach 2:
By varying the Q parameter of resonators across different stages, the filter provides different levels of frequency selectivity where needed. This parameter variation enables effective isolation between multiple frequency bands or operators using the same infrastructure without requiring uniform high-performance components throughout
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach results in a more compact and cost-effective combiner apparatus that achieves improved radio frequency selectivity with a greater number of transmission zeros, allowing for efficient sharing of infrastructure between different operators or technologies without the need for high-performance filters.
Implementation Method 1
cascading 90 degree phase shift coupling means with resonating elements
Implementation Method 2
resonating elements of different Q values and technologies
Data Source
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AI summary
Apparatus is provided for allowing radio frequency selectivity for use in a wireless communication system for the passage of one or more receiving and/or transmission frequency signals therethrough. The apparatus includes at least a first set of first and second 90 degree phase shift coupling means, and at least one pair of resonating means coupled between the at least first and second 90 degree phase shift coupling means. The apparatus includes at least one further set of first and second 90 degree phase shift coupling means are cascaded, either directly or indirectly, with said at least first set of first and second 90 degree phase shift coupling means, with or without at least one pair of resonating means located between the first and second 90 degree phase shift coupling means of the at least one further set.