Cascaded Power Split Hybrid Drive System with Dual Air Gap Machines

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Solution Overview

Problem

The high costs of electric machines and inverters in hybrid drive systems for hybrid vehicles, particularly due to high electrical power transmission, lead to increased investment barriers and reduced margins, limiting vehicle performance, especially at low speeds and trailer towing capabilities.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a cascaded power split drive system using mechanically and electromagnetically coupled dual air gap electric machines, which reduces the need for large inverters and simplifies the design, allowing for a mechanical drive path alongside an electrical one, thereby decreasing system complexity, mass, and volume.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If large inverters are used to transmit high electrical power, then power transmission capability is improved, but system cost and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical power transmission capabilityVSAvoidinverter size and system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The power transmission system is segmented into multiple paths: a first electrical path with an inverter and a second mechanical path without an inverter. This segmentation allows the electrical power transmission capability to be maintained through the first path while the second mechanical path provides an alternative route that reduces the burden on the inverter, thereby reducing inverter size and system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Ease of manufacture

If the transmission ratio range is limited to keep costs down, then system cost is reduced, but vehicle performance at low speed deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem costVSAvoidvehicle performance at low speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs a variable transmission ratio mechanism that can dynamically adjust the transmission ratio range. This allows the system to maintain cost-effectiveness with a compact inverter design while adapting the transmission ratio to provide enhanced low-speed performance when needed, thus resolving the contradiction between cost reduction and performance maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Power

If the cooling system is designed for high electrical power transmission, then power transmission capability is improved, but system complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical power transmission capabilityVSAvoidcooling system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The power transmission system is divided into electrical and mechanical paths, which segments the cooling requirements. The mechanical path generates less heat and requires simpler cooling, reducing the overall cooling system complexity and cost while maintaining high power transmission capability through the electrical path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Weight of moving object

If mechanically integrated electric machines are used, then system mass and volume are reduced, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem massVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple electric machines are merged into a single mechanically integrated unit that shares common structural components, magnetic circuits, and control systems. This merging reduces the total mass and volume of the electric machine system while the modular design approach maintains manufacturing feasibility by standardizing the integrated components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly reduces the cost and size of electric machine components, enhances vehicle performance by optimizing power transmission, and improves low-speed drive torque and trailer towing capabilities while maintaining efficient fuel consumption and emission performance.

Implementation Method 1

two mechanically coupled electric machines that form a cascaded power split having both a mechanical and an electrical drive path

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2072311A1Drive system for hybrid vehicle
Publication Date: 2009.06.24 NEDERLANDSE ORG VOOR TOEGEPAST NATUURWETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK TNO
  • EP2072311A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2072311A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2072311A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Drive system, in particular for a hybrid vehicle, comprising a power split device (2) with associated drive paths (I,IIa,IIb), wherein at least one of the drive paths comprises two mechanically coupled electric machines that form a cascaded power split having both a mechanical (IIa) and an electrical drive path (IIb). The invention also relates to a hybrid vehicle, a method for transmission of power in a drive system and to the use of a dual air gap electric machine in a drive path of a drive system with a power split device.