Fuel Cell Catalyst Layer Porosity Control via Inkjet Solvent Adjustment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for producing membrane catalyst layer assemblies struggle to achieve desired porosity, leading to inadequate gas permeability and reaction efficiency in fuel cell catalyst layers.

Innovation Solution

The method involves adjusting the solvent amount in catalyst ink droplets before impact with the electrolyte membrane by controlling the frequency and flow rate, and altering the solid content concentration through air drying, to form catalyst ink layers with specific porosities, allowing for precise control of porosity in the catalyst layer.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If catalyst ink is discharged by inkjet method to form catalyst layer, then manufacturing precision is improved, but porosity control is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecatalyst layer porosityVSAvoidporosity control difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes physical parameters of the catalyst ink including solvent amount, solid content concentration, droplet volume, discharge frequency, and flow rate to precisely control the porosity of the formed catalyst layer. By adjusting these parameters, the invention achieves desired porosity levels that enable smooth gas and water transport while maintaining manufacturing precision through the inkjet method.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If porosity is increased to improve gas permeability, then reaction efficiency is improved, but water management capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereaction efficiencyVSAvoidwater management capability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the porosity parameter to achieve a balanced state that simultaneously improves gas permeability for enhanced reaction efficiency while maintaining adequate water management capability. The controlled porosity allows oxygen and fuel gas to diffuse smoothly to reaction sites while enabling generated water to be discharged efficiently, thus resolving the trade-off between reaction efficiency and water management.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If solvent amount is increased to improve catalyst layer formation, then manufacturing ease is improved, but porosity control precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecatalyst layer formationVSAvoidporosity precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent adjusts the solvent amount parameter within an optimized range to achieve both ease of manufacture and precision porosity control. By controlling the solvent amount together with solid content concentration, droplet volume, and discharge frequency, the invention enables smooth catalyst layer formation while achieving precise porosity levels necessary for efficient gas and water transport.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the formation of catalyst layers with tailored porosity, enhancing gas supply and water management, thereby improving the efficiency and continuity of fuel cell reactions.

Implementation Method 1

altering the solid content concentration through air drying

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP3346529B1Membrane catalyst layer joined body production method, membrane catalyst layer joined body production device, and membrane catalyst layer joined body
Publication Date: 2021.04.28 NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP3346529B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3346529B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3346529B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

[Problem] To provide a membrane catalyst layer assembly production method capable of producing a membrane catalyst layer assembly having a catalyst layer of desired porosity. [Solution] The amount of solvent in a catalyst ink 140A in drop form is adjusted prior to impact with an electrolyte membrane 110, thereby controlling the porosity of a catalyst ink layer 140B formed by the catalyst ink making impact with the electrolyte membrane.