Catecholamine Coating for Stable Nitric Oxide Release
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for coating surfaces with nitrogen monoxide are unstable, leading to unintended release sites and insufficient release amounts, and are costly and limited to specific materials, lacking control over concentration and release time.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the synthesis of a diazeniumdiolate functional group using catecholamines, where materials are immersed in a basic solution, treated with catecholamine, dried, and exposed to nitrogen monoxide in a reactor, allowing for controlled release of nitrogen monoxide with a nano-sized coating film.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional physical adsorption methods are used to attach nitrogen monoxide compounds to implantable material surfaces, then the coating process is simple, but the coatability is unstable under in vivo conditions leading to unintended release sites
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a silane-based intermediary compound that forms a stable covalent bond between the implantable material surface and the nitrogen monoxide-releasing agent. This intermediary layer acts as a bridge, ensuring stable attachment while maintaining coating uniformity and preventing unintended release sites under in vivo conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite coating structure combining silane-based intermediaries with nitrogen monoxide-releasing compounds. This composite approach integrates the adhesion properties of silane with the NO-releasing functionality, achieving both stable attachment and controlled release characteristics.
2Reliability
If conventional sol-gel synthesis method using aminosilane is used to attach diazeniumdiolate, then nitrogen monoxide can be released from the coating, but the production cost is very expensive and the coating thickness is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the sol-gel synthesis parameters including pH value, temperature, and reaction time to enhance the efficiency of diazeniumdiolate formation. By controlling these parameters, the method achieves high NO release capability with reduced coating thickness and lower production costs compared to conventional approaches.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs readily available silane compounds and standard sol-gel materials that are more cost-effective than conventional aminosilane reagents. The method uses inexpensive materials and simplified processing steps to achieve the desired NO release function at lower cost and with thinner coatings.
3Reliability
If conventional methods are used to attach nitrogen monoxide transmitter containing sulfur group to metal surfaces, then the coating can be applied, but the method is limited to certain metals only
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a silane-based coating system that universally applies to various material surfaces including metals, polymers, and ceramics. The silane intermediary forms stable bonds with different substrate types, enabling the same coating method to be used across multiple material categories without requiring material-specific protocols.
Solution Approach 2:
The silane-based intermediary serves as a universal bonding agent that can attach to different material surfaces through silane-grafting. This intermediary layer provides broad material compatibility while maintaining stable attachment of the nitrogen monoxide-releasing agent across diverse substrate types.
4Quantity of substance
If the coating film thickness is increased to improve nitrogen monoxide release amount, then more nitrogen monoxide can be released, but the coating becomes thicker causing inconvenience in applying body-implantable materials
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration of nitrogen monoxide-releasing agents within the coating and controls the sol-gel synthesis parameters to achieve high release amounts within thin film thickness. By adjusting these parameters, the method maximizes NO release quantity while maintaining coating thickness within acceptable limits for body-implantable applications.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of coating surfaces of various body-implantable materials with control-releasable nitrogen monoxide using a catecholamine, more particularly, technology of preparing a coating film containing a diazeniumdiolate functional group on a surface of a material to be coated using a catecholamine, is provided. The coating film prepared by the method has advantages in that nitrogen monoxide can be stably supplied under an in vivo environment, and can be suitably used in a living body without causing cytotoxicity. Therefore, among the materials having a coating film formed on a surface thereof, the body-implantable material is especially expected to be widely used for medical and health applications including treatment of ischemic disorders such as arteriosclerosis through controlled release of nitrogen monoxide, regulation of penile erections, antibacterial and antiviral effects, and wound healing.