Percutaneous Catheter Braided Wire Angles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Percutaneous catheters face challenges in minimizing patient burden and pressure loss during cardiopulmonary support, while also preventing stylet constriction issues due to limited tube diameter and increased invasion.
Innovation Solution
A percutaneous catheter design featuring an expandable portion with a larger inner and outer diameter, a shaft portion with lower elasticity, and an intermediate portion with a gradually decreasing diameter, utilizing braided wires with varying braiding angles to minimize expansion distance and prevent stylet constriction, allowing for minimally invasive insertion and reduced pressure loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the inner diameter of the tube is increased to reduce pressure loss and secure required flow rate, then the pressure loss decreases and flow rate increases, but the outer diameter increases causing increased invasion and burden on the patient's body
Solution Approach 1:
The catheter employs a dynamic structure where the expansion portion can change its diameter from a small state during insertion to a large state during operation. The expansion portion includes an elastic body and reinforcing bodies that allow it to expand axially when the stylet is removed, transforming from a minimally invasive insertion state to a high-flow-rate operation state.
Solution Approach 2:
The catheter is divided into distinct functional segments: a shaft portion for insertion, an expansion portion for blood circulation with adjustable diameter, and an intermediate portion connecting them. This segmentation allows each part to have optimized properties for its specific function while working together to resolve the contradiction between small diameter for insertion and large diameter for flow rate.
2Loss of energy
If the stylet is inserted to expand the catheter, then the catheter diameter increases and pressure loss decreases, but the stylet may become tightly bound to the catheter causing constriction of motion
Solution Approach 1:
The intermediate portion is designed with specific local qualities: it has a smaller diameter than the expansion portion, a larger diameter than the shaft portion, and a braiding angle configuration that allows controlled expansion. This local quality design creates a gradual transition zone that prevents sudden constriction of the stylet while still enabling effective expansion of the catheter.
Solution Approach 2:
The catheter utilizes parameter changes in the braiding angle of the reinforcing bodies to control expansion behavior. The intermediate portion has a smaller braiding angle than the expansion portion, which changes the mechanical properties along the catheter length and prevents excessive constriction of the stylet during insertion while maintaining expandability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catheter reduces patient burden, secures a required flow rate, and prevents stylet tightening by minimizing the expansion distance of the intermediate portion, ensuring effective blood circulation and reduced pressure loss.
Implementation Method 1
the expansion portion is configured to have higher elasticity than that of the shaft portion
Implementation Method 2
The expansion portion includes a first reinforcing body including wires which are braided so as to intersect with each other, the shaft portion includes a second reinforcing body including wires which are braided so as to intersect with each other, and the intermediate portion includes a third reinforcing body including wires which are braided so as to intersect with each other
Data Source
AI summary
A percutaneous catheter includes an expansion portion, a shaft portion, and an intermediate portion. The expansion portion includes a first reinforcing body including wires braided so as to intersect with each other. The shaft portion includes a second reinforcing body including the wires braided so as to intersect with each other. The intermediate portion includes a third reinforcing body including the wires braided so as to intersect with each other. The third reinforcing body is configured to have a braiding angle as an inner angle in an axial direction among angles formed by the intersecting wires which is smaller than those of the first reinforcing body and the second reinforcing body.