Catheter Pressure Waveform Analysis for Accurate Cardiac Output
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cardiac output monitoring technologies face accuracy issues at high levels and are often expensive, invasive, or difficult to acquire, with delays affecting measurement precision.
Innovation Solution
A hemodynamic monitoring system utilizing a catheter and sensors to generate right ventricular and pulmonary artery pressure waveforms, processed by modules to determine accurate and continuous cardiac output and blood flow measurements, including autoencoder and linear regression models for data validation and filtering.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional cardiac output monitoring equipment is used, then cardiac output can be monitored, but accuracy diminishes at high cardiac output levels and measurements are delayed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical/physical cardiac output monitoring equipment with a computational system that uses pressure waveform analysis and machine learning algorithms (autoencoder and linear regression models) to calculate cardiac output. This substitution eliminates the limitations of physical sensors at high flow rates and provides immediate computational results without measurement delays.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a virtual model of cardiac output by training autoencoder and linear regression models on pressure waveform data. These trained models then generate accurate cardiac output estimates by copying the learned relationships between pressure waveforms and actual cardiac output, providing rapid and accurate measurements without physical intervention delays.
2Measurement precision
If traditional cardiac output monitoring equipment is used, then cardiac output can be monitored, but the equipment is expensive, difficult to acquire, or too invasive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the existing pressure monitoring system multi-functional by adding computational algorithms that extract additional information (cardiac output, blood flow) from the same pressure waveform data. This eliminates the need for separate specialized equipment, reducing complexity and invasiveness while maintaining measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces complex, expensive, and invasive physical cardiac output monitoring equipment with a computational approach using machine learning models. This substitution maintains measurement accuracy while dramatically reducing device complexity and invasiveness by using software-based analysis instead of additional hardware.
3Measurement precision
If pressure waveform data is collected continuously, then accurate cardiac output can be determined, but data quality issues and incorrect catheter placement may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the system continuously monitors pressure waveform features and compares them against expected physiological ranges. When anomalies are detected (indicating potential catheter placement issues or data quality problems), the system can alert operators or adjust calculations, ensuring reliable cardiac output measurements while maintaining continuous monitoring capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary validation of pressure waveform data quality and catheter placement correctness before using the data for cardiac output calculations. By checking waveform features against known physiological patterns in advance, the system ensures data reliability and prevents incorrect measurements from compromised data sources.
Data Source
AI summary
A system for determining placement of a catheter in a patient includes a hemodynamic sensor and a display. The hemodynamic sensor produces a signal representative of a right ventricular pressure waveform of the patient. The catheter is connected to the hemodynamic sensor. The system further includes one or more processors and computer-readable memory encoded with instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the system to receive the signal representative of the right ventricular pressure waveform and extract features from the right ventricular pressure waveform. The instructions further cause the system to compare the features to one or more value ranges of the features to determine that the catheter is correctly placed when values of the features are within the one or more value ranges or that the catheter is incorrectly placed, is not properly connected to the system, or signal quality issues are occurring.