Cationic Ruthenium Complex Ligand Design for Catalytic Activity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing alcohols, aldehydes, hemiacetals, carbonyl compounds, and N-alkylamines require more costly and hazardous ruthenium complexes, and existing catalysts lack high catalytic activity under mild conditions, posing challenges in industrial applications due to residual metal issues and safety concerns.
Innovation Solution
A cationic ruthenium complex with a bis(phosphinoalkyl)amine tridentate ligand and two carbon monoxide monodentate ligands is developed, which is stable, cost-effective, and exhibits high catalytic activity in hydrogenation reactions, dehydrogenation, and N-alkylation processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional ruthenium complexes are used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions, then catalytic activity can be achieved, but the complexes are costly and hazardous with residual metal issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the ligand composition parameters of the ruthenium complex, specifically using a bis(phosphinoalkyl)amine tridentate ligand combined with two carbon monoxide monodentate ligands to form a cationic complex. This parameter change in molecular structure reduces cost and hazards while maintaining catalytic activity for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
2Productivity
If existing ruthenium catalysts are used, then reactions can proceed, but high costs and residual metal problems arise in industrial applications
Solution Approach 1:
The invention modifies the chemical composition parameters of the ruthenium catalyst by incorporating a specific cationic complex structure with bis(phosphinoalkyl)amine and carbon monoxide ligands. This parameter modification enables industrial-scale production at reduced costs while maintaining productivity for synthesizing alcohols, aldehydes, and carbonyl compounds.
3Reliability
If traditional catalysts are employed, then reactions can be performed, but safety issues and residual metal contamination occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by designing a cationic ruthenium complex with specific ligand arrangements (one tridentate bis(phosphinoalkyl)amine and two monodentate carbon monoxide ligands). This structural parameter change reduces residual metal contamination and safety hazards while preserving reliable reaction performance for industrial chemical transformations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The cationic ruthenium complex enables efficient production of alcohols from aldehydes or ketones, carbonyl compounds from alcohols, and N-alkylamines from amines under mild conditions, offering improved catalytic performance and safety while reducing production costs.
Implementation Method 1
a method for producing alcohols by hydrogenation of aldehydes, ketones and esters in the presence of a hydrogen donor
Implementation Method 2
a method for producing carbonyl compounds by dehydrogenation of alcohols, hemiacetals and hemiaminals
Implementation Method 3
a method for producing an N-alkylamine by N-alkylation via condensation of alcohols and amines
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The present invention provides a novel cationic ruthenium complex which is easy to produce and handle and can be procured at a relatively low cost and a production method for the ruthenium complex, a method for producing an alcohol or the like using the ruthenium complex as a catalyst, a method for producing a carbonyl compound using the ruthenium complex as a catalyst, and a method for producing a N-alkylamine compound using the ruthenium complex as a catalyst. The present invention pertains to a ruthenium complex represented by general formula (1): [RuX(CO)2(PNP)]Y (wherein, X represents a monovalent anionic monodentate ligand, Y represents a counter anion, PNP represents a tridentate ligand, and CO represents carbon monoxide), a production method for the ruthenium complex, a catalyst containing the ruthenium complex, and a production method for various organic compounds using the catalyst.