Cavitation Nozzle Geometry for Surface Compressive Stress and Grinding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional nozzles fail to apply a strong compressive stress or achieve significant surface grinding on workpieces.
Innovation Solution
A cavitation surface processing nozzle with a nozzle tip featuring specific geometric configurations and materials, including a discharge groove and ejection hole, combined with a processing apparatus that allows for high-pressure liquid ejection and abrasive particle use, promoting compressive stress and surface grinding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stress or pressure
If a conventional nozzle structure is used, then the device complexity is low, but the compressive stress applied to the workpiece surface is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle tip incorporates a specifically designed hole structure with different sections (introduction portion, ejection hole, discharge groove) that have different geometric properties. The introduction portion has a larger cross-sectional area than the ejection hole, creating a constriction that accelerates the liquid jet and enhances cavitation effect, thereby locally optimizing the stress application capability without redesigning the entire nozzle structure
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the geometric parameters of the nozzle hole, specifically setting the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the introduction portion and the ejection hole within a specific range (0.5-2.0). This parameter optimization enables the liquid jet to achieve higher velocity and generate stronger cavitation, thereby increasing the compressive stress on the workpiece surface while maintaining a relatively simple nozzle structure
2Manufacturing precision
If a conventional nozzle structure is used, then the manufacturing cost is low, but the surface grinding effect is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The discharge groove is designed with a specific semi-circular cross-section and is positioned at a defined distance from the ejection hole. This local structural optimization controls the liquid jet dispersion pattern, enhancing the grinding effect on the workpiece surface while keeping the overall nozzle structure relatively simple and manufacturable
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a discharge groove that extends in a direction perpendicular to the ejection axis, creating a three-dimensional liquid jet distribution pattern. This dimensional addition improves surface coverage and grinding uniformity without significantly increasing device complexity
3Stress or pressure
If high-pressure liquid ejection is used, then the compressive stress on workpiece surface is enhanced, but the wear of nozzle increases
Solution Approach 1:
The introduction portion is designed with a cross-sectional area larger than the ejection hole, creating a gradual constriction rather than a sudden narrowing. This geometric parameter optimization reduces turbulence and erosive forces within the nozzle, thereby extending nozzle life while still achieving high-velocity jet ejection and strong compressive stress on the workpiece surface
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The nozzle effectively applies strong compressive stress and enhances surface grinding of workpieces by diffusing high-pressure liquid and abrasive particles, reducing wear and improving durability.
Implementation Method 1
a discharge groove located on the first plane, the discharge groove having a semi-cylindrical shape extending in a first direction perpendicular to the ejection axis, an ejection hole extending along the ejection axis to be connected to the discharge groove
Implementation Method 2
an introduction portion having a right conical surface centered on the ejection axis, the introduction portion connected to the ejection hole
Implementation Method 3
An abrasive may be suspended in the processing liquid stored in the processing tank
Data Source
AI summary
A cavitation surface processing nozzle includes: a nozzle tip including a first plane from which liquid is ejected and perpendicular to an ejection axis; a second plane perpendicular to the ejection axis and another side plane of the first plane; and a nozzle hole including a discharge groove located on the first plane and having a semi-cylindrical shape extending in a first direction perpendicular to the ejection axis, an ejection hole extending along the ejection axis to be connected to the discharge groove and having a right elliptic cylindrical shape having an elliptic cross section with a long diameter extending in the first direction, and an introduction portion having a right conical surface centered on the ejection axis and connected to the ejection hole.