Cavity-Backed Stacked Patch Antenna with Capacitive Tuning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional patch antennas have a relatively narrow bandwidth, which limits their application, especially when dual polarization is introduced, as it reduces the number of tuning parameters, making it harder to meet the bandwidth requirements in the mm-wave range.
Innovation Solution
The enhanced cavity backed stacked patch antenna design incorporates capacitive coupling between the patch and the cavity, using conductive protrusions to increase the capacitive coupling and provide an additional tuning parameter, thereby enhancing the bandwidth.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of moving object
If dual polarization is introduced to reduce space requirements, then the antenna occupies less space, but the bandwidth decreases due to loss of tuning parameters
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is divided into two separate patches (first patch and second patch) stacked vertically, each handling different polarizations. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each patch while maintaining compact overall dimensions, resolving the contradiction between reduced area and maintained bandwidth through spatial division of functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from a single-plane (2D) patch antenna to a stacked configuration (3D), adding the vertical dimension. By stacking patches at different heights above the ground plane, the design achieves dual polarization functionality without increasing the horizontal footprint, while the vertical separation preserves tuning independence for bandwidth optimization.
2Device complexity
If conventional patch antenna design is used, then the structure is simple and compact, but the bandwidth is relatively narrow
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges multiple functional elements into a unified stacked structure: multiple patches, multiple ground planes, and dielectric substrates are combined vertically. This integration achieves enhanced bandwidth through multiple resonant modes while maintaining a compact form factor, balancing complexity and performance by combining elements in the vertical dimension rather than expanding horizontally.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design achieves a significant increase in bandwidth without compromising radiation efficiency, allowing for better performance in mm-wave applications and maintaining the compact size and weight requirements of telecommunications devices.
Implementation Method 1
The enhanced cavity backed stacked patch antenna design incorporates capacitive coupling between the patch and the cavity, using conductive protrusions to increase the capacitive coupling
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a patch antenna element comprising a substrate (12; 20), patch (14; 26) disposed on the substrate, a ground plane (22) disposed on the substrate below the patch, wherein the ground plane horizontally extends beyond the patch and a conductive planar arrangement (24; 36; 36') at least partially laterally surrounding the patch.