Cavity Divider With Curved Surface for Low-Loss Signal Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power-feeding network technologies for array antennas suffer from high loss, limited array structure applicability, and complexity in distributing signals and power, particularly in high-frequency bands, due to their design limitations and fabrication challenges.
Innovation Solution
A divider with a cavity having a curved surface and equally spaced output ports, where the input port is positioned at a focal point, allowing for efficient signal distribution with reduced reflection and phase matching, enabling the divider to be coupled with array antennas of various structures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional power-feeding network technologies are used, then the array structure is limited to specific forms (1*2N or 2N*2N), but the adaptability to different array structures is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The power-feeding network is divided into multiple independent cavity dividers, each capable of distributing signals to a subset of antenna elements. This segmentation allows flexible configuration for different array structures while maintaining design simplicity for each individual divider unit.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from planar 2D array configurations to three-dimensional array structures by positioning cavity dividers and antenna elements in 3D space. This enables support for various array geometries including planar, volumetric, and non-uniform distributions that cannot be achieved with conventional 2D power-feeding networks.
2Ease of manufacture
If T-junction based power dividers are used, then the design is simple with few variables, but the loss increases with path length at high frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces conventional transmission line-based power dividers with cavity resonator-based dividers. The cavity structure provides inherent impedance matching and signal distribution through its resonant modes, eliminating the need for complex transmission line designs and reducing frequency-dependent losses.
Solution Approach 2:
The cavity dimensions and geometry are optimized to achieve resonant frequencies matching the operating band, providing low-loss signal distribution. By adjusting cavity parameters such as length, width, and height, the system achieves impedance matching and minimizes reflections without increasing design complexity.
3Loss of energy
If waveguide transmission line form is used, then the loss characteristic is low, but the fabrication difficulty increases due to ultra-small size metal processing
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the advantages of waveguide low-loss transmission with cavity resonator functionality into a single integrated structure. The cavity dividers maintain low loss characteristics similar to waveguides while using PCB-compatible fabrication techniques, eliminating the need for separate waveguide components and complex metal processing.
4Ease of manufacture
If conventional PCB transmission lines are used, then the fabrication is easy, but the loss component becomes very great at frequencies of several tens or hundreds of GHz
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces conventional PCB transmission lines with cavity resonator structures that provide low-loss signal distribution at high frequencies. The cavity structure supports electromagnetic resonance modes that efficiently guide signals with minimal attenuation, while still being fabricable using standard PCB techniques.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution reduces implementation complexity and enhances antenna gain by ensuring signals are divided with the same size and phase, overcoming the limitations of conventional technologies in high-frequency applications.
Implementation Method 1
a cavity having one surface coupled to the input port and other surface coupled to the plurality of output ports
Implementation Method 2
The curved surface may have a three-dimensional (3D)-shaped surface based on a shape of one surface of a specific lens. The input port may be positioned at a focal point of the specific lens
Data Source
AI summary
A divider for dividing a radio signal includes an input port, a plurality of output ports and a cavity having one surface coupled to the input port and other surface coupled to the plurality of output ports. The other surface is formed as a curved surface, and the plurality of output ports is disposed on the other surface at certain intervals. The side of the cavity is slantly formed from the one surface to the other surface at a certain angle. The distances between the input port and the plurality of output ports is the same.