CC@SnS2/SnO2 Composite Catalyst for Hexavalent Chromium Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for removing hexavalent chromium from water are inefficient, costly, and energy-intensive, and existing photocatalysts face high recombination rates of photogenerated electrons and holes, limiting their photocatalytic efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A visible-light-driven CC@SnS2/SnO2 composite catalyst is prepared using SnCl4.5H2O and C2H5NS with carbon fiber cloth as a supporting material, employing a solvothermal method for SnS2 formation and thermal oxidation for SnO2 integration, which enhances carrier separation and photocatalytic activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional methods (chemical precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange) are used to remove hexavalent chromium, then chromium removal can be achieved, but the methods are costly and energy-intensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operating parameters by using visible light irradiation instead of conventional chemical or physical methods. The photocatalyst system operates under visible light, transforming the energy input parameter from chemical reagents/electricity to optical energy, thereby reducing operational costs and energy consumption while maintaining effective chromium removal
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical/chemical treatment systems with a photocatalytic system. Instead of using chemical precipitants, adsorbents, or ion exchange resins, the system uses light-driven photocatalysis to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), substituting mechanical/chemical processes with an optical-chemical process that is more cost-effective and energy-efficient
2Productivity
If existing photocatalysts are used, then chromium degradation can occur, but the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes is high, limiting photocatalytic efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite photocatalyst material consisting of SnS2 nanoparticles supported on carbon fiber cloth. This composite structure enhances photocatalytic efficiency by improving light absorption, increasing the separation of photogenerated carriers, and reducing recombination losses. The carbon fiber cloth support provides a large surface area and good conductivity, further enhancing the overall photocatalytic performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the photocatalyst into nanoscale SnS2 particles dispersed on the carbon fiber cloth support. This segmentation increases the surface area to volume ratio, providing more active sites for photocatalysis and improving light absorption efficiency. The nanoscale dimension also enhances charge separation and reduces recombination pathways
3Illumination intensity
If SnS2 is used as photocatalyst, then visible light response is achieved, but the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers remains high
Solution Approach 1:
The carbon fiber cloth acts as an intermediary support that facilitates charge separation and transfer. The support material provides a conductive network that helps separate photogenerated electrons and holes, reducing recombination. Additionally, the support material can act as a mediator for mass transport and active site distribution, further enhancing photocatalytic efficiency
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The CC@SnS2/SnO2 composite catalyst effectively degrades hexavalent chromium in water with improved photocatalytic activity, reduced recombination of electrons and holes, and low energy consumption, facilitating efficient and cost-effective chromium removal while allowing for catalyst recovery and recycling.
Implementation Method 1
preparing CC@SnS2 composite material in a solvent by using SnCl4.5H2O and C2H5NS as raw materials
Implementation Method 2
calcining said CC@SnS2 composite material to obtain the visible-light-driven CC@SnS2/SnO2 composite catalyst
Implementation Method 3
visible-light-driven CC@SnS2/SnO2 composite catalyst
Implementation Method 4
degrades hexavalent chromium in water
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention disclosed preparation method of a visible-light-driven CC@SnS2/SnO2 composite catalyst, and application thereof, comprising the following steps: preparing CC@SnS2 composite material in a solvent by using SnCl4.5H2O and C2H5NS as raw materials and carbon fiber cloth as a supporting material; calcining said CC@SnS2 composite material to obtain the visible-light-driven CC@SnS2/SnO2 composite catalyst. The present invention overcomes defects of the traditional methods of treating chromium-containing wastewater, including chemical precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange resin and electrolysis, and the photocatalytic technology can make full use of solar light source or artificial light source without adding adsorbent or reducing agent. In this case, the use of semiconductor photocatalyst to convert hexavalent chromium in chromium wastewater into less toxic and easily precipitated trivalent chromium greatly reduces the cost and energy consumption.