CD133 Epitope Peptides Targeting Cancer Stem Cells
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer treatments lack effective methods to target and eliminate cancer stem cells, particularly those expressing CD133, which are resistant to conventional therapies and contribute to cancer recurrence.
Innovation Solution
Development of peptides that bind to human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and stimulate immune responses, specifically designed as immunogens to induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against CD133-positive tumor cells, using isolated peptides with specific amino acid sequences and their variants, linked to immunogenic carriers or encoded in polynucleotides, to elicit a therapeutic immune response.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional cancer treatments are used, then general tumor cells may be affected, but CD133-positive cancer stem cells remain resistant and cause cancer recurrence
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the approach to cancer treatment by specifically designing immunogens that target only CD133-positive cancer stem cells, rather than treating all tumor cells uniformly. This segmentation allows conventional treatments to address bulk tumor cells while the specialized immunogen eliminates the resistant stem cell population, preventing recurrence.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces peptide immunogens as intermediary substances that bridge the immune system and CD133-positive cancer stem cells. These peptides act as mediators by binding to HLA molecules and presenting CD133 epitopes to T-cells, thereby activating a specific immune response against the resistant stem cell population without affecting other cells.
2Measurement precision
If peptide immunogens are designed to specifically target CD133-positive cells, then specificity against cancer stem cells is improved, but the complexity of identifying and synthesizing effective peptides increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts specific epitopic sequences from the CD133 protein to create targeted immunogens. By isolating and synthesizing only the critical peptide regions that bind to HLA molecules and stimulate T-cell responses, the complexity of working with the entire CD133 protein is reduced while maintaining high specificity against cancer stem cells.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by systematically varying peptide sequences to identify optimal epitopes with maximum immunogenicity and HLA binding affinity. Through controlled modifications of amino acid sequences and testing different peptide variants, the invention optimizes the balance between specificity and ease of synthesis.
3Duration of action of stationary object
If immunotherapy is used to target CD133-positive cancer stem cells, then long-term cancer control may be achieved, but the current lack of effective CTL responses limits treatment success
Solution Approach 1:
The invention applies preliminary action by pre-designing and pre-testing peptide immunogens in vitro to ensure they effectively stimulate CTL responses before clinical application. The peptides are selected and optimized in advance based on their ability to bind HLA molecules and activate T-cells, ensuring reliable immunogenicity when administered to patients for long-term cancer control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The peptides stimulate a potent CTL response, effectively targeting and destroying CD133-positive tumor cells, potentially leading to improved cancer treatment outcomes by enhancing immunotherapy's ability to combat cancer stem cells.
Implementation Method 1
peptides of human CD 133 that bind to human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and can stimulate immune responses
Data Source
Figure 1A
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AI summary
An immunogen includes an isolated peptide that includes the amino sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs:1-21 with four or fewer amino acid substitutions.