CD14+ Cell Biomarker Stratification for Renal Cell Carcinoma Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for renal cell carcinoma lack personalized approaches, leading to variability in patient outcomes that cannot be explained by tumor stage and grade, and there is a need to identify patients who would benefit from specific treatment types based on the presence or absence of CD14+ cells in tumor or peritumoral tissue.
Innovation Solution
A method to determine the percentage of CD14+ cells in tumor or peritumoral tissue, using techniques like immunohistochemical staining and nucleic acid-based assays, to differentiate between type A and type B treatment options, where type A treatments include surgery and type B treatments include chemotherapies, biologic therapies, and cell therapies, allowing for personalized treatment decisions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If standard renal cell carcinoma treatments are applied to all patients, then treatment simplicity is maintained, but patient outcomes vary significantly and cannot be explained by tumor stage and grade
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating treatment approaches based on the specific CD14+ cell content in individual patient tumors. Instead of uniform treatment, the method tailors therapy to the local characteristic (CD14+ cell percentage) of each tumor, thereby improving patient outcomes while maintaining reasonable complexity through a clear binary classification system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by measuring the CD14+ cell content percentage as a key parameter to determine treatment type. This quantitative parameter transforms the treatment decision from a generic approach to a personalized one, directly addressing the variability in patient outcomes without requiring overly complex treatment protocols.
2Reliability
If CD14+ cell assessment is performed to guide treatment selection, then treatment personalization and response rates improve, but diagnostic complexity and testing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical or manual assessment methods with immunohistochemical staining and nucleic acid-based assays. These standardized laboratory techniques automate and objective the detection of CD14+ cells, making the diagnostic process more reliable and less subject to observer variability, thereby improving treatment response rates without excessive complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces CD14+ cell content as an intermediary biomarker that mediates between tumor characteristics and treatment selection. This intermediary provides a quantifiable, objective measure that simplifies the decision-making process while improving treatment personalization, bridging the gap between complex tumor biology and practical treatment guidelines.
3Reliability
If type B treatments (chemotherapy, biologic therapy, cell therapy) are administered to patients with high CD14+ cell content, then treatment efficacy improves, but treatment cost and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the patient population into two distinct groups based on CD14+ cell content thresholds. This segmentation allows for targeted application of more complex and expensive type B treatments only to the subset of patients who are likely to benefit, thereby improving overall treatment efficacy while containing costs and complexity by avoiding unnecessary intensive therapies in patients with low CD14+ cell content.
Data Source
AI summary
This document provides methods and materials related to treating renal cell carcinoma. For example, methods and materials for assessing a cancer patient (e.g., a renal cell carcinoma patient) for tumor or peritumoral tissue containing CD14+ cells and proceeding with a cancer treatment option (e.g., a renal cell carcinoma treatment option) based on the presence, absence, or level of CD14+ cells present within the tumor or peritumoral tissue are provided.