CD163 Domain 5 Decoy Proteins for PRRSV Neutralization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for preventing or treating Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) infection in pigs are inadequate, as they often involve inactivating the CD163 gene, which has undesirable physiological effects, and there is a need for more effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Innovation Solution
Development of isolated or synthetic proteins comprising CD163 or biologically active fragments, specifically domain 5, which can act as decoys to prevent PRRSV infection by binding to the virus, thereby interfering with the infection process, and these proteins can be administered alone or as fusion proteins with immunoglobulin Fc fragments for enhanced stability and delivery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the CD163 gene is inactivated to prevent PRRSV infection, then viral resistance is improved, but normal physiological functions are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the CD163 protein into specific functional domains (particularly domain 5) and uses only those segments as decoy proteins. This allows the decoy to bind PRRSV while the remaining full-length CD163 protein maintains normal physiological functions, resolving the contradiction between viral resistance and physiological disruption
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces an intermediary decoy protein that mimics the viral binding site of CD163. This decoy acts as a mediator that intercepts PRRSV before it can bind to host cells, providing viral resistance without requiring inactivation of the CD163 gene itself
2Reliability
If complete CD163 protein is used as decoy, then viral binding is blocked, but protein stability and delivery are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the decoy CD163 domain 5 protein with the immunoglobulin Fc fragment to create a fusion protein. This combination provides viral binding block through the CD163 domain while the Fc fragment enhances protein stability, half-life, and delivery characteristics
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite protein structure combining functional elements from different proteins (CD163 domain 5 and IgG Fc fragment). This composite approach allows the molecule to simultaneously achieve viral binding capability and improved pharmacokinetic properties
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of CD163 domain 5 proteins effectively prevents PRRSV infection by acting as decoys, reducing the virus's ability to bind to host cells, and improves treatment outcomes with minimal disruption to normal physiological functions.
Implementation Method 1
provides a protein which can bind to PRRSV or otherwise interfere with the infection process
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to methods and compositions useful for the prevention and/or treatment of PRRS in animals, typically domestic pigs. The invention relates to proteins which comprise fragments of CD163, nucleic acid constructs encoding such proteins, and methods of modifying expression or activity of CD 163 in vivo.