CDR PLL Behavioral Simulation for Jitter and PPM Tracking

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current simulation models for clock-data recovery (CDR) phase-locked loops (PLLs) face challenges in accurately modeling signal noise, particularly jitter and parts-per-million (PPM) errors, while balancing complex simulation features with fast runtime and abstraction, and struggle to efficiently recover from noisy signals.

Innovation Solution

A simulation model that filters data and reference clock signals to remove jitter and PPM errors using a threshold function, adjusts the reference clock signal based on data signal phases, and updates prediction models to align phases, applying a delay to the reference clock to account for lag, thereby ensuring accurate and efficient simulation of CDR PLLs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If simulation models include complex features to accurately model jitter and PPM errors, then measurement precision is improved, but simulation runtime increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of jitter and PPM error modelingVSAvoidsimulation runtime
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The simulation model is segmented into distinct functional blocks: a phase detector block that measures phase differences, a jitter modeling block that introduces controlled random variations, and a PPM error modeling block that applies frequency offsets. This segmentation allows each block to be optimized independently, maintaining accuracy while improving overall simulation efficiency through modular computation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses simplified analytical models that copy the essential behavior of complex analog PLL circuits. Instead of fully simulating continuous-time analog waveforms, the model copies the key phase detection and loop filtering behaviors using discrete mathematical relationships, achieving comparable accuracy with significantly reduced computational overhead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Productivity

If simulation models provide sufficient abstraction for fast runtime, then productivity is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimulation speedVSAvoidaccuracy of noise signal modeling
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The model dynamically adjusts parameters based on operating conditions. The phase detector uses different measurement strategies depending on whether the PLL is locked or unlocked, and the jitter/PPM models adjust their statistical parameters based on the current loop bandwidth and operating frequency. This parameter adaptation maintains precision across different simulation scenarios while keeping computations efficient.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If the simulation model tracks both data and reference clock signals, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveability to track data and reference clockVSAvoidcomplexity of CDR PLL circuit
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The phase detector block is designed as a universal component that can process both data signal edges and reference clock edges through the same computational pathway. By using a unified phase measurement approach that accepts any input signal edge, the model achieves multi-functionality without duplicating logic, thereby reducing overall device complexity while maintaining the ability to track both signal types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP3098968B1Behavioral simulation model for clock-data recovery phase-locked loop
Publication Date: 2020.02.19 ALTERA CORP
  • EP3098968B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3098968B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3098968B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

Method and non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions for simulating a phase-locked loop measures a first phase of a data signal and a second phase of a reference clock signal in a phase-locked loop to be simulated, filters the first phase of the data signal by a threshold function of a lock detection module of the phase-locked loop to be simulated, and adjusts the second phase of the reference clock signal to align with the filtered first phase of the data signal.