Battery Cell Balancing for Progressive Voltage Drop Diagnosis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing battery monitoring logic in electrified vehicles is insufficient in detecting abnormal battery behaviors, particularly voltage deviations, which can lead to critical safety issues.

Innovation Solution

A battery management system (BMS) with a processor that performs primary and (N+1)th-order cell balancing to diagnose progressive voltage drops by monitoring cell voltage deviations, identifying abnormal cells, and triggering warnings or performance limitations when necessary.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If existing battery monitoring logic is used, then the system is simple to operate, but it is insufficient in detecting abnormal battery behaviors

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidmonitoring logic complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The monitoring logic is segmented into multiple diagnostic stages: initial voltage deviation detection, progressive voltage drop diagnosis through multiple cell balancing operations, and abnormal behavior identification. This staged approach improves detection accuracy while keeping each individual monitoring step manageable in complexity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary cell balancing operations and voltage deviation checks before critical failures occur. By conducting progressive voltage drop diagnosis through multiple balancing cycles (primary balancing, then (N+1)th-order balancing), the system detects abnormal behaviors early, preventing safety issues before they manifest

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

2Quantity of substance

If high density and high energy battery technologies are applied, then the capacity increases, but safety risks increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebattery capacityVSAvoidsafety risks

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system continuously monitors battery cell voltages and provides feedback through multiple diagnostic layers. Voltage deviations are detected, followed by progressive voltage drop diagnosis through repeated cell balancing operations. This feedback mechanism enables real-time safety monitoring of high-density batteries, identifying abnormal behaviors that could lead to safety incidents

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary safety assessments by conducting multiple cell balancing operations and checking for progressive voltage drops before critical failures occur. This proactive approach allows the system to identify and address safety risks in high-capacity batteries before they develop into dangerous conditions

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentUS12533993B2Battery management system for electrified vehicle and method for diagnosing battery thereof

Publication Date: 2026.01.27 HYUNDAI MOTOR CO LTD

AI summary

A battery management system for an electrified vehicle configured to diagnose an abnormal behavior of a battery using a cell balancing function, and a method for diagnosing a battery thereof, are provided. The battery management system comprises a processor that is configured to monitor a battery. The processor is further configured to perform primary cell balancing, when a battery cell voltage deviation meets a cell balancing entry condition, determine whether an abnormal cell voltage deviation occurs after the primary cell balancing, and diagnose a progressive voltage drop using (N+1)th-order cell balancing, when it is determined that the abnormal cell voltage deviation occurs.