Aluminum Cylindrical Cell Lid Venting for Axial Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cylindrical battery cell housings face challenges in managing internal pressure increases due to chemical reactions, leading to thermal runaway and potential destruction of the battery module, with complex safety mechanisms occupying valuable space and being prone to errors.
Innovation Solution
A battery cell housing design using an aluminium alloy for the jacket and lid, where the lid is a sheet metal cut-out that provides pressure relief in the axial direction, simplifying the structure and ensuring safety without a complex rupture disc, and is connected via a laser weld seam for high-density protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a complex battery cell housing lid with current interruption device and bursting disc is used, then pressure relief and safety are improved, but device complexity increases and manufacturing errors may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the battery cell housing lid with the pressure relief function by designing the lid itself as a bursting disc through localized thinning. This integration eliminates separate safety components while maintaining pressure relief capability, directly resolving the contradiction between safety and complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The lid is designed to serve multiple functions: structural closure, electrical insulation, and pressure relief. By making the lid itself the bursting disc through selective thinning, a single component performs what previously required multiple separate elements, reducing complexity while maintaining safety.
2Reliability
If a complex battery cell housing lid with multiple safety devices is used, then pressure relief capability is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase due to multiple crimp connections
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the lid and bursting disc into a single integrated component, eliminating the need for separate crimp connections between multiple safety devices. This reduces manufacturing precision requirements by removing complex multi-step assembly processes while maintaining pressure relief capability.
3Productivity
If the battery cell housing volume is increased to increase energy density, then battery capacity is improved, but the risk of thermal runaway increases due to higher internal pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by pre-designing the lid with localized thinning areas that will burst at a predetermined pressure threshold. This preventive measure ensures that excessive internal pressure from larger cell volumes is safely relieved before thermal runaway can occur, allowing higher capacity cells to maintain safety.
4Reliability
If safety mechanisms are added to prevent thermal runaway, then safety is improved, but the available volume for battery capacity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the safety function into the existing lid structure through localized thinning, eliminating the need for additional safety components that would occupy valuable battery volume. The lid itself becomes the pressure relief mechanism, preventing thermal runaway without sacrificing capacity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design allows for a simpler, safer battery cell housing that prevents thermal runaway by effectively relieving pressure, increasing battery capacity within the same size, and enabling high automation and recyclability.
Implementation Method 1
connected via a laser weld seam for high-density protection
Data Source
AI summary
A cylindrical battery cell housing of a battery cell with a battery cell housing jacket has a first material made of an aluminium alloy with a cylindrical cross-section at least in areas. The battery cell housing jacket is connected to a battery cell housing lid having a second material made of an aluminium alloy in a force-fitting and/or materially bonded manner. The battery cell housing lid is designed as a sheet metal cut-out, which serves as a pressure relief means for the battery cell housing. In the event that the permissible internal pressure of the battery cell housing is exceeded, the battery cell housing lid ensures pressure relief of the battery cell in the axial direction.