Battery Cell Multi-Vent Layout for Localized Thermal Runaway Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cells suffer from untimely venting during thermal runaway, leading to poor reliability due to inadequate distribution of vent mechanisms, which hinders effective discharge of discharge media.
Innovation Solution
The cell design incorporates multiple vent mechanisms along the first wall portion of the can, with each mechanism corresponding to a sub-region of the electrode assembly, ensuring timely discharge of discharge media generated during thermal runaway.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple vent mechanisms are arranged along the first wall portion with each corresponding to a sub-region, then the timeliness of venting is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode assembly body portion is divided into multiple sub-regions along the first direction, with each sub-region having a corresponding vent mechanism on the first wall portion. This segmentation allows discharge media generated in different sub-regions during thermal runaway to be vented through the nearest corresponding vent mechanism, significantly improving venting timeliness and reliability while managing complexity through systematic regional division.
2Quantity of substance
If the body portion length is increased to L≥400 mm, then the energy capacity is improved, but the difficulty of effective venting increases
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of relying on a single vent mechanism at the end of a long body portion (L≥400 mm), the invention distributes multiple vent mechanisms along the first wall portion in correspondence with different sub-regions of the electrode assembly. This dimensional distribution along the length of the body portion ensures that discharge media from any sub-region can reach a vent mechanism without traveling the entire length, maintaining venting effectiveness despite increased energy capacity.
Data Source
AI summary
A cell, a battery, and an electric device. The cell includes a can and an electrode assembly. The can has a first wall portion with N vent mechanisms arranged along a first direction. The electrode assembly, housed in the can, includes a body portion and a tab. The body portion has a plurality of consecutively arranged sub-regions. The tab is located at least at one end of the body portion along the first direction. The body portion has a length L, with each sub-region having a length L1, satisfying L=L1×N, L≥400 mm, and N≥2. Each vent mechanism is aligned with one corresponding sub-region in the thickness direction of the first wall. Each vent mechanism discharges a medium generated by thermal runaway in its corresponding sub-region, enabling fast and localized venting. This improves the timeliness of pressure relief and enhances cell reliability.