Cell Separation System Using Mechanical Disruption and Centrifugal Forces
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for separating and purifying stem cells and other therapeutic cell populations from biological tissues are inefficient and may lead to contamination or rejection issues, particularly when using extrinsic enzymes, which complicates the autologous application of these cells for therapeutic purposes.
Innovation Solution
A system and method for efficiently separating and purifying selected cell populations, such as stem cells, from tissues like adipose tissue using mechanical disruption and centrifugal separation techniques without the need for extrinsic enzymes, utilizing biologically acceptable solutions and additives to enhance separation based on size and density, ensuring a genetic match and reducing contamination risks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If extrinsic enzymes are used to separate and purify stem cells from biological tissues, then separation efficiency may be improved, but contamination risks and rejection issues increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes extrinsic enzymes from the separation process, relying instead on mechanical disruption and centrifugal separation forces. This extraction of the harmful element (extrinsic enzymes) eliminates the associated contamination and rejection risks while maintaining separation functionality through alternative mechanical means.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs the tissue sample's own structural properties and the mechanical energy from disruption devices to achieve separation. The centrifugal forces generated during rotation automatically separate cells based on density and size without requiring external enzymatic agents, making the system self-sufficient and eliminating contamination risks from extrinsic substances.
2Reliability
If mechanical disruption and centrifugal separation are used without extrinsic enzymes, then contamination risks are reduced, but separation efficiency may decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies mechanical disruption as a preliminary action to break down tissue structure before centrifugal separation. This pre-processing step prepares the tissue sample by creating a single-cell suspension, ensuring that subsequent centrifugal forces can efficiently separate cells based on density and size without requiring enzymatic assistance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes changes in physical parameters during the separation process, specifically manipulating centrifugal force through rotation speed adjustment. By controlling the centrifugal force parameter, the system achieves efficient separation of cell populations based on their density differences, compensating for the absence of enzymatic methods through optimized physical parameters.
3Reliability
If autologous cell application is pursued, then rejection and contamination issues are reduced, but time effectiveness for acquisition and separation becomes critical
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces time-consuming enzymatic digestion methods with rapid mechanical disruption techniques. The mechanical disruption devices quickly break down tissue structure, and centrifugal separation rapidly isolates cells, significantly reducing processing time compared to enzymatic methods while maintaining the autologous benefit of using the patient's own cells.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method enables efficient, time-effective separation and purification of stem cells and other therapeutic cell populations, reducing contamination risks and ensuring a genetic match, thereby facilitating autologous applications with improved therapeutic efficacy and safety.
Implementation Method 1
the tissue sample is moved towards or pressed against an outer wall (such as centrifugal forces) and separated based upon size and/or density
Data Source
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Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
Disclosed is a system to separate, enrich, and/or purify a cellular population from a biological tissue, such as a tissue sample. For example, an adipose tissue sample can be acquired and disrupted. The disrupted tissue sample can then be separated and purified. The separated components can include multipotent, pluripotent, or other cell populations.