Battery Cell Shell Venting Through Peripheral Pressure Relief Grooves
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cells face safety risks due to delayed pressure relief, as pressure relief mechanisms on end covers can be obstructed when multiple cells are stacked, leading to potential fires and explosions.
Innovation Solution
A shell design with pressure relief grooves on the peripheral wall, where the distance between the groove and the end is less than or equal to one-third of the wall's length, allowing for quicker pressure discharge and improved safety through multiple relief points.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If pressure relief mechanisms are placed on end covers of stacked battery cells, then the battery cells can be arranged in compact stacks, but the pressure relief mechanisms become obstructed and pressure relief is delayed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions the pressure relief mechanism from the end cover (one dimension) to the peripheral wall (another dimension). By placing pressure relief grooves on the peripheral wall at a distance L2 ≤ L1/3 from the end, the mechanism achieves pressure relief without being obstructed by adjacent stacked cells, thus resolving the contradiction between stacking density and pressure relief effectiveness.
2Strength
If pressure relief grooves are placed far from the end of the peripheral wall, then the structural integrity is maintained, but the pressure relief rate is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the positional parameter L2 (distance from end to pressure relief groove) to be ≤ L1/3, where L1 is the length of the peripheral wall. This parameter optimization ensures both sufficient structural integrity and rapid pressure relief, as the groove is close enough to the end for quick emission discharge but maintains adequate structural support.
3Productivity
If multiple pressure relief groove groups are arranged on the peripheral wall, then the pressure relief rate is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the pressure relief function into multiple groove groups arranged at different positions along the peripheral wall. Each groove group contains multiple grooves spaced at intervals in the circumferential direction. This segmentation enables simultaneous pressure relief from multiple locations, significantly improving the pressure relief rate while maintaining manageable complexity through systematic arrangement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The shell design enhances pressure relief rates and safety by ensuring that emissions can be quickly discharged from closer proximity to the peripheral wall, reducing the risk of thermal runaway and associated hazards.
Implementation Method 1
the peripheral wall is configured to crack along the pressure relief grooves when a pressure or a temperature inside the shell reaches a threshold, so as to release the pressure inside the shell
Data Source
AI summary
A shell for accommodating an electrode assembly includes a peripheral wall and pressure relief grooves. The peripheral wall is extended in a first direction and is configured to enclose extension direction of the peripheral wall. The pressure relief grooves are arranged on the peripheral wall, which is configured to crack along the pressure relief grooves when the pressure or temperature inside the shell reaches a threshold, so as to release the pressure inside the shell. A distance between the pressure relief groove adjacent to an end of the peripheral wall and the end is less than or equal to one-third of a length of the peripheral wall.