Cellular Load Balancing by UE Type and Bandwidth History
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current network load balancing methods in cellular networks do not adequately consider the device type and bandwidth usage history of user equipment (UE), leading to suboptimal resource allocation and user experience, particularly for delay-sensitive UEs like eMBB devices, while less delay-sensitive UEs like FWA and IoT/M2M devices consume excessive bandwidth.
Innovation Solution
Implement network load balancing based on device type and history by prioritizing frequency layers according to traffic throughput capacity and using handover criteria to move UEs with higher bandwidth usage or specific device types to lower priority layers, ensuring delay-sensitive UEs maintain higher bandwidth access.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If network load balancing uses fair criteria such as random selection or round-robin selection to move UEs to lower bandwidth frequency layers, then all UEs are treated equally, but delay-sensitive UEs like eMBB devices experience degraded user experience while less delay-sensitive UEs consume excessive bandwidth
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating load balancing treatment based on UE device type. Instead of uniform fair criteria, the system identifies specific device types (eMBB, FWA, IoT/M2M) and applies tailored handling strategies. Delay-sensitive eMBB UEs are prioritized to maintain high bandwidth access, while less delay-sensitive UEs are more readily moved to lower bandwidth layers, optimizing resource allocation for each device category's specific requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of load balancing criteria from generic fair selection to device-type-specific selection. By introducing device type as a distinguishing parameter, the system transitions from uniform random or round-robin selection to differentiated selection mechanisms that consider UE characteristics, thereby improving user experience for delay-sensitive applications while maintaining overall network efficiency.
2Productivity
If the network prioritizes highest-bandwidth frequency layers for all capable UEs, then bandwidth utilization is maximized, but when the number of capable UEs exceeds network capacity, excessive congestion and resource contention occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic load balancing that adapts to current network conditions. The system continuously monitors network capacity and UE device types, dynamically adjusting which UEs remain on highest-bandwidth frequency layers and which are moved to lower bandwidth layers. This dynamic approach allows the network to maximize bandwidth utilization when capacity is available while automatically relieving congestion when capacity is exceeded, optimizing the balance between productivity and traffic load management.
Data Source
AI summary
Solutions are disclosed that perform network load balancing based on device type and/or history. Current “fair” criteria, such as round-robin selection, that select user equipment (UEs) for off-loading to lower-bandwidth frequency layers do not take into account bandwidth usage history and device type, even though human users using enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) devices are typically more delay-sensitive than fixed wireless access (FWA) UEs, even while an FWA may consume as much network bandwidth as 10 eMBBs. Example solutions determine UE device type and/or bandwidth usage history, and prioritize certain UEs (e.g., eMBB) for higher-bandwidth frequency layers than other UE types (e.g., FWA) and/or UEs that have a history of heavy bandwidth use. This enhances the user experience for a larger number of delay-sensitive users.