Cellular Mast Transponder Detection for Wind Farm Warning Lights

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing systems for detecting and controlling low-flying aircraft are inefficient and costly, and existing cellular networks lack the capability to reliably monitor air traffic at very low altitudes without requiring extensive infrastructure modifications.

Innovation Solution

Utilizing existing cellular mobile phone network antenna masts equipped with receiving devices for aircraft transponder signals, which enable efficient detection and control of low-flying aircraft by determining their three-dimensional geographic position through triangulation and trilateration, and using this data to activate/deactivate aviation obstruction lights.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If receiving devices are integrated into existing cellular antenna masts, then the cost and complexity of deploying air traffic monitoring infrastructure is reduced, but the detection capability for low-flying aircraft may be compromised due to antenna orientation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeployment costVSAvoiddetection capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent integrates aircraft transponder signal receiving devices into existing cellular mobile phone antenna masts, allowing the same infrastructure to serve both cellular communication and air traffic monitoring functions. This multi-functional approach reduces deployment costs by reusing existing mast structures, power supplies, and locations while adding aviation safety capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent specifies that receiving antennas should be horizontally aligned to optimize detection of low-flying aircraft, distinguishing the antenna orientation requirements for different detection purposes. This local quality adjustment ensures that specific antenna elements are oriented appropriately for their intended function (horizontal for low-altitude detection) while maintaining the overall mast structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Measurement precision

If horizontally aligned receiving antennas are used, then detection efficiency for low-flying aircraft is improved, but detection capability for high-flying aircraft is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection efficiencyVSAvoiddetection range
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies different antenna orientations for different detection purposes: horizontally aligned receiving antennas are used specifically for detecting low-flying aircraft (below 500 meters), while the system acknowledges that vertically aligned antennas would be needed for high-flying aircraft. This localized optimization ensures each antenna type performs its specific function effectively.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent focuses on optimizing detection for the most critical scenario - low-flying aircraft - by using horizontally aligned antennas. While this orientation is less effective for high-altitude detection, the system prioritizes the partial function of detecting low-altitude aircraft where the risk of collision with obstacles is highest, accepting that high-altitude detection is less critical for obstacle lighting control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Loss of information

If transponder signals are used for aircraft detection, then altitude and location information can be obtained, but the system fails when transponders do not transmit or signals are blocked

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation completenessVSAvoidsystem reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs multiple receiving devices distributed across different locations to monitor transponder signals from aircraft. By having redundant receiving paths and multiple detection points, the system can cross-verify signal reception and maintain detection capability even if one receiver fails or signals are blocked in certain areas, improving overall system reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

4Reliability

If multiple receiving devices are deployed to improve detection reliability, then the cost and complexity of the system increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection reliabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines air traffic monitoring receiving devices with existing cellular antenna masts, merging two separate functions (cellular communication and aircraft detection) into a single integrated infrastructure. This reduces the number of separate structures needed and simplifies deployment compared to building dedicated monitoring towers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

By making the antenna masts multi-functional (serving both cellular and aviation monitoring purposes), the patent reduces the need for separate dedicated infrastructure. The same mast structure, power supply, and location serve dual purposes, reducing overall system complexity despite deploying multiple receiving devices for reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Provides reliable, cost-effective air traffic monitoring and obstruction light control by leveraging existing cellular infrastructure, enhancing safety and reducing susceptibility to interference.

Implementation Method 1

the receiving device for receiving aircraft transponder signals has a receiving antenna with at least predominantly horizontally aligned receiving characteristics

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation reception: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP4027320B1Method and installation for controlling the airvehicle warning lighting in wind farms
Publication Date: 2026.05.06 LIGHT GUARD INFRASTRUCTURE GMBH
  • EP4027320B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4027320B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The invention relates to an antenna mast of a cellular mobile phone network, comprising one or more mobile phone antennas for forming an air interface between the mobile phone network and mobile phones located in the vicinity. The invention further relates to a method for providing flight data from aircraft, a computer program for carrying out such a method, and a corresponding system for providing flight data from aircraft.