Cellular Multicasting via D2D Grouping to Cut gNB Load
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current solutions for cellular networks lack selective network-based multicasting and directional device-to-device communication based on user location, type, and demand, leading to inefficiencies in spectral usage and increased latency.
Innovation Solution
Implementing network-based intelligent multicasting in cellular networks using device-to-device (D2D) communication, such as sidelink technology, to facilitate direct communication between User Equipment (UEs) without routing data through the base station, leveraging User Grouping Criteria (UGC) and error management protocols.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If data is routed through the base station (gNB) for all cellular communications, then network control and management are simplified, but spectral efficiency deteriorates and latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments cellular communication into two paths: traditional base station-routed communication for general traffic, and direct device-to-device (D2D) communication for nearby users. This segmentation allows the system to bypass the base station for local communications, improving spectral efficiency while maintaining base station control for overall network management and D2D coordination.
Solution Approach 2:
The base station acts as an intermediary that coordinates and manages D2D communications rather than routing all data through it. The gNB assigns resources, monitors connections, and maintains control planes for D2D links, enabling direct data paths between devices while preserving centralized network management.
2Device complexity
If all cellular data passes through the base station, then resource allocation is centralized and simple, but the load on the gNB increases and latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the communication path to create direct D2D links for local traffic, eliminating the need for data to traverse the base station. This reduces latency for nearby communications while the base station maintains centralized control for resource allocation and D2D coordination, balancing simplicity and performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The base station performs preliminary actions by pre-coordinating D2D resource allocation and establishing direct communication paths before data transmission begins. This advance preparation reduces real-time processing load on the gNB and minimizes latency for actual data transfer between devices.
3Ease of operation
If traditional cellular multicasting is used without device-to-device communication, then network control is maintained, but spectral efficiency deteriorates and gNB load increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments multicasting into traditional base station-based multicasting for wide-area coverage and direct device-to-device multicasting for local groups. This allows the system to use more efficient direct links for nearby devices while maintaining base station control for overall multicast management and broader coverage scenarios.
Solution Approach 2:
The base station serves as a mediator that coordinates D2D multicasting groups, assigns resources, and maintains control planes, while actual data transmission occurs directly between devices. This preserves centralized network control while achieving spectral efficiency benefits of direct communication.
4Productivity
If device-to-device communication is enabled without selective grouping, then direct communication capability is provided, but interference from other UEs increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating selective D2D communication groups based on specific criteria such as user location, device type, and communication demand. This selective grouping ensures that only compatible and nearby devices communicate directly, minimizing interference from unrelated UEs while maintaining communication efficiency for authorized groups.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback mechanisms where the base station receives information about device capabilities, locations, and communication requirements, then uses this feedback to intelligently form D2D groups and assign resources. This feedback-driven approach ensures that D2D communications occur only when appropriate, reducing interference while maximizing communication efficiency.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for network-based intelligent multicasting in cellular networks are disclosed. User Grouping Criteria (UGC) are generated for User Equipment (UEs) within a cell. The base station determines a group of UEs capable of device-to-device (D2D) communication that satisfy the UGC. Multicasting transmissions for the group are scheduled using D2D communication, facilitating direct communication without routing data through the base station. The UGC considers factors including UE capabilities, measurement reports, Channel Quality Indicators (CQI), locations, and directionality. Error management and retransmission protocols ensure reliable D2D communication. The system facilitates optimization of network resource utilization, reduces base station load, and improves spectral efficiency by utilizing D2D capabilities for multicasting in scenarios where multiple UEs are in close proximity.