Cellulose-Adipate-Beta-Cyclodextrin Cholesterol Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for removing cholesterol from foods using β-cyclodextrin complexes face challenges in complete separation of cholesterol and β-cyclodextrin, leading to incomplete removal and potential safety issues due to residual β-cyclodextrin in food products.
Innovation Solution
A cellulose-adipate-β-cyclodextrin structure is developed, where β-cyclodextrin is linked to microcrystalline cellulose via an adipic acid ester bond, creating a porous structure that allows easy separation of cholesterol-bound and unbound β-cyclodextrin, using a linker to prevent over-cross-linking and ensuring safety through the use of adipic acid as a food additive.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If β-cyclodextrin is used to capture cholesterol in a dissolved state, then cholesterol removal capability is improved, but complete separation of cholesterol and β-cyclodextrin becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an insoluble supporter (such as activated carbon, silica gel, or alumina) as an intermediary carrier to which β-cyclodextrin is bound. This intermediary carrier enables the cholesterol-β-cyclodextrin complex to be easily separated from the food matrix through filtration or centrifugation, while the supporter itself remains inert and can be easily removed. This resolves the separation difficulty by providing a physical basis for separation without compromising cholesterol removal capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite material system consisting of the supporter, bound β-cyclodextrin, and captured cholesterol. This composite structure allows the cholesterol to be trapped within the β-cyclodextrin-cholesterol complex that is attached to the insoluble supporter. The composite material can be easily separated from the food matrix and the cholesterol can be released from β-cyclodextrin through treatment with a solvent, thus achieving both effective cholesterol removal and complete separation.
2Stability of the object's composition
If β-cyclodextrin is linked directly to the surface of a supporter, then structural stability is improved, but over-cross-linking occurs resulting in excessively high density
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a linker molecule as an intermediary between the supporter and β-cyclodextrin. This linker prevents direct contact and over-cross-linking between the supporter surface and β-cyclodextrin, while still maintaining stable attachment. The linker acts as a spacer that controls the density and distribution of β-cyclodextrin units on the supporter surface, preventing excessive cross-linking while preserving structural stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality control by using linkers with specific spatial arrangements and chemical properties. The linkers are designed to provide appropriate spacing and orientation between the supporter surface and β-cyclodextrin units, creating localized regions of controlled cross-linking density. This ensures structural stability in the overall framework while preventing excessive density in any single location, thus optimizing both stability and functionality.
3Ease of manufacture
If ester bonds are used to link supporter to β-cyclodextrin, then ease of manufacture is improved, but hydrolysis may occur under certain pH conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a linker as an intermediary that contains both ester bonds for easy attachment to the supporter and alternative stable bonding mechanisms. The linker structure allows for straightforward manufacturing through ester bond formation, while simultaneously providing chemical stability through its molecular design that resists hydrolysis under various pH conditions. This intermediary approach reconciles the contradiction between ease of manufacture and chemical stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs linkers with specific chemical parameters and molecular structures that are resistant to hydrolysis. By selecting linkers with appropriate functional groups and molecular configurations, the patent maintains ease of manufacture through ester bond formation while ensuring chemical stability through the inherent resistance of the linker structure to hydrolytic degradation. This parameter optimization allows the system to withstand varying pH conditions without compromising bond integrity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The cellulose-adipate-β-cyclodextrin structure effectively removes cholesterol from foods, maintaining high efficiency even after multiple uses, with 96.5% cholesterol removal from milk and 98.4% from puffed cellulose-adipate-β-cyclodextrin, contributing to reduced adult disease risk and promoting health.
Implementation Method 1
β-cyclodextrin physically adsorbing cholesterol
Implementation Method 2
the inside thereof is hydrophobic while the outside is hydrophilic. Because of these structural features, β-cyclodextrin is used to capture various hydrophobic materials
Implementation Method 3
one carboxyl group of adipic acid is linked to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) via an ester bond and another carboxyl group remaining in the adipic acid is linked to β-cyclodextrin via an ester bond
Implementation Method 4
the structure composed of β-cyclodextrin, a linker and a supporter... creates a space between β-cyclodextrin units
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a structure composed of β-cyclodextrin, a linker and a supporter, and a preparation method thereof. The cellulose-adipate-β-cyclodextrin structure of the present invention is effective in removing cholesterol from foods, and the use of the cellulose-adipate-β-cyclodextrin structure may reduce the onset of adult and chronic diseases due to excessive intake of cholesterol, thereby contributing to maintenance, recovery and promotion of health.