Central Anode Cooling Structure for Stable X-Ray Focal Position

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing x-ray sources face issues with deformation and thermal expansion due to coolant supply from one end, leading to focal spot shifts and increased failure rates from high voltage instability and arcing.

Innovation Solution

The anode is supported and cooled through a central anode support structure that includes cooling passages on both sides, reducing thermal expansion and high voltage instability by distributing coolant uniformly and eliminating the need for end-mounted support structures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If coolant is supplied from one end of the anode, then the anode can be cooled, but thermal expansion and deformation occur leading to focal spot shifts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveanode temperatureVSAvoidfocal spot position
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is segmented into multiple independent cooling channels distributed along the anode length. Instead of a single end-mounted cooling inlet, the patent implements multiple cooling passages that receive coolant from different locations, dividing the cooling function into separate segments that collectively manage thermal distribution more effectively.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The conventional approach of supplying coolant from one end is inverted by providing coolant supply at multiple locations along the anode, including central and distributed inlet ports. This reverses the traditional single-point cooling methodology to achieve more uniform thermal distribution and minimize thermal gradients that cause deformation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Stability of the object's composition

If support structures are mounted at the ends of the anode, then the anode is supported, but high voltage instability and arcing increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveanode supportVSAvoidhigh voltage stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The support structures are extracted from the end-mounted configuration and repositioned to a central location on the anode. By removing the end-support arrangement and replacing it with central support, the patent eliminates the harmful electrical field concentrations and arcing issues associated with end-mounted supports while maintaining mechanical stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Device complexity

If coolant is supplied at one end of the anode, then the cooling system is simple, but thermal expansion causes deformation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling system structureVSAvoidanode deformation
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system transitions from a one-dimensional end-to-end cooling approach to a multi-dimensional cooling architecture with distributed inlet ports along the anode length and multiple cooling passages. This dimensional expansion of the cooling system allows coolant to enter from multiple spatial locations, creating more uniform thermal fields and reducing thermal gradients that cause deformation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration minimizes deformation, reduces focal spot shifts, decreases failure rates, and simplifies manufacturing by eliminating the need for end-mounted support structures, thus enhancing the reliability and efficiency of the x-ray source.

Implementation Method 1

The anode may be cooled by a coolant, such as water or dielectric oil, that is supplied at one of the ends of the anode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

The coolant is supplied to the anode from outside of the vacuum chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 3

The anode is supported and cooled through a central anode support structure that includes cooling passages on both sides, reducing thermal expansion and high voltage instability by distributing coolant uniformly

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow distribution:

Implementation Method 4

The electron beams may be directed towards the target to hit the target in a line along the length. The incident electron beams generate heat in the anode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectron impact heating: Electron Beam

Data Source

PatentEP4709055A2Anodes, cooling systems, and x-ray sources including the same
Publication Date: 2026.03.11 VAREX IMAGING CORP
  • EP4709055A2 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP4709055A2 patent drawingFigure 1C~1D
  • EP4709055A2 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A system, comprising: a vacuum enclosure; an anode support structure penetrating the vacuum enclosure and including a plurality of first cooling passages; and an anode disposed within the vacuum enclosure, coupled to and supported by the anode support structure, and including: a target; and a plurality of second cooling passages; wherein: each of the second cooling passages is coupled to a corresponding first cooling passage; and the anode is coupled to the anode support structure on a side of the anode different from a side of the anode including the target and different from axial ends of the anode on a major axis of the anode