Central Voltage Converter for Branched Power Network Parameter Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing systems for determining electrical parameters in branched power networks are complex, costly, and require high data transfer rates, making them susceptible to failures and not cost-effective.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising a central voltage converter unit generating a reduced voltage reference signal in safety extra-low voltage, transmitted to decentralized units for precise calculation of electrical parameters, with decentralized current measuring arrangements and evaluation units processing instantaneous voltage and current values to calculate active power and other parameters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If direct measurement of voltage and current at decentralized consumers is implemented, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage measurement function is extracted from decentralized units and centralized in a central voltage converter unit. This central unit generates a reduced voltage reference signal that is distributed to all decentralized units, eliminating the need for each decentralized unit to independently measure high voltage, thereby reducing device complexity and cost while maintaining measurement precision through the distributed reference signal approach
Solution Approach 2:
A reduced voltage reference signal serves as an intermediary between the central voltage measurement and decentralized evaluation units. This intermediary signal carries the voltage information in a safe, low-voltage form that can be easily processed by decentralized units without requiring complex high-voltage measurement circuitry, thus resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity
2Measurement precision
If high-voltage measurement technology is used at decentralized units, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of manufacture and installation deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
High-voltage measurement functionality is extracted from decentralized units and relocated to a central unit. The decentralized units only need to handle low-voltage reference signals, which are much easier to manufacture and install, eliminating the need for complex high-voltage safety measures and specialized components at each decentralized location
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of having each decentralized unit independently measure high voltage, a centralized high-voltage measurement is performed and the results are copied to all decentralized units through the reduced voltage reference signal. This copying approach maintains measurement precision while dramatically simplifying the manufacturing and installation of decentralized units
3Ease of manufacture
If centralized voltage detection with reduced voltage reference signal is implemented, then ease of manufacture and installation are improved, but measurement precision may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage parameter is transformed from high voltage to a reduced low-voltage reference signal through a known conversion factor. This parameter change allows decentralized units to work with safe, easy-to-handle voltages while maintaining calculation precision by applying the conversion factor during electrical parameter computation, thus resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacture and measurement precision
4Measurement precision
If high data transmission rates are used for precise electrical parameter calculation, then measurement precision is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to susceptibility to failures
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage information is copied to all decentralized units through a standardized reduced voltage reference signal rather than transmitting large amounts of raw measurement data. This copying approach maintains the precision needed for electrical parameter calculation while significantly reducing data transmission requirements and susceptibility to transmission failures
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution simplifies the design of decentralized units, reduces hardware and installation efforts, and provides stable and accurate calculations of electrical parameters without the need for high-voltage measurement technology, enabling cost-effective and reliable operation.
Implementation Method 1
The central voltage converter unit is further designed to generate a voltage reference signal from the centrally detected voltage. The voltage reference signal is a voltage waveform reduced proportionally to the detected voltage waveform. A conversion factor defines the magnitude ratio between the detected voltage waveform and the voltage reference signal.
Implementation Method 2
The analog-to-digital converter, also referred to as the A/D converter, converts the voltage reference signal, initially present as an analog voltage reference signal at a safety extra-low voltage, into a digital format, referred to as the digital voltage reference signal
Implementation Method 3
At the end of the digital voltage signal connection section is the digital-to-analog converter, also referred to as the D/A converter, which converts the digital voltage reference signal back into an analog voltage reference signal
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to an arrangement for determining electrical parameters of consumers (1) in a branched power network (2), comprising a central voltage converter unit (3) and a plurality of decentralized units (4), wherein the central voltage converter unit (3) is configured to detect a voltage waveform and to generate a voltage reference signal reduced to a safety extra-low voltage by a conversion factor proportional to the voltage waveform and to make this signal available for section-by-section digital transmission, wherein the decentralized units (4) are each assigned to the consumers (1), wherein each decentralized unit (4) comprises a decentralized current measuring arrangement (5) and a decentralized evaluation unit (7), wherein the decentralized current measuring arrangement (5) comprises at least one current sensor (6) and is configured to measure an instantaneous value of a current and to make it available for transmission.and wherein the decentralized evaluation unit (7) is configured to detect instantaneous voltage values from the voltage reference signal and to assign the instantaneous voltage values to the instantaneous current values and to calculate the electrical active power of the respective consumer (1) as an electrical parameter from the assigned instantaneous voltage and current values and from the conversion factor.