Centralized Node Controller for Multiphase Radial Network Power Flow

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power distribution networks face challenges in efficiently managing optimal power flow, especially in multiphase unbalanced networks, due to complexities in voltage distribution and computational inefficiencies in current control methods.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of centralized node controllers that utilize linear approximations and semidefinite programming relaxations to calculate and manage network operating parameters, assuming small line losses and nearly balanced voltage, allowing for efficient control of power flow and voltage in radial networks.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional optimal power flow methods are used in multiphase unbalanced networks, then accuracy of power flow calculation is maintained, but computational complexity increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveaccuracy of power flow calculationVSAvoidcomputational complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the non-convex optimal power flow problem into a convex semidefinite programming problem by changing the mathematical parameters and formulation. This involves reformulating the power flow equations using matrix variables and applying convex relaxation techniques, which maintains calculation accuracy while dramatically reducing computational complexity and enabling efficient solution for multiphase unbalanced networks

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional iterative numerical methods with semidefinite programming relaxation. This substitution transforms the computational approach from a mechanical iterative process to a more efficient convex optimization framework, maintaining accuracy while reducing computational burden

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Adaptability or versatility

If distributed power generation is increased in the grid, then renewable energy utilization improves, but power flow management complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improverenewable energy utilizationVSAvoidpower flow management complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies convex relaxation and semidefinite programming to transform the complex power flow management problem arising from distributed power generation into a tractable convex optimization problem. This maintains the ability to handle diverse renewable energy sources while reducing the computational complexity of managing bidirectional power flows and voltage distribution in the grid

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentUS10198018B2Systems and methods for convex relaxations and linear approximations for optimal power flow in multiphase radial networks

Publication Date: 2019.02.05 CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH

AI summary

Centralized node controllers in accordance with embodiments of the invention enable linear approximation of optimal power flow. One embodiment includes a centralized node controller including: a network interface, a processor, and a memory containing: a centralized power control application a network topology, where the network is multiphase unbalanced and comprises a plurality of connected nodes; wherein the processor is configured by the centralized controller application to: request node operating parameters from the plurality of connected nodes; calculate network operating parameters using a linear approximation of optimal power flow and the node operating parameters from the plurality of connected nodes; send network operating parameters to the plurality of connected nodes.