Centrifugal EV Isolation from PPP for Extracellular Vesicle-Rich PRP
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current devices fail to effectively isolate and concentrate extracellular vesicles from blood or bone marrow, leading to their discard with platelet-poor plasma, thereby reducing the therapeutic efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatments.
Innovation Solution
A centrifugal device and method that utilizes an aqueous two-phase solution and centrifugation to separate extracellular vesicles from platelet-poor plasma, followed by inversion and mixing with platelet-rich plasma for injection, enhancing vesicle concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If low-speed centrifugation is used to partition blood or bone marrow, then the partitioning into fractions (RBCs, PPP, PRP) is achieved, but extracellular vesicles are not effectively isolated or concentrated and are discarded with PPP
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the centrifugation process into multiple stages with different speeds and durations. First, low-speed centrifugation separates RBCs from plasma. Then, high-speed centrifugation isolates EVs from PPP. This multi-stage approach allows effective EV concentration while preventing their loss in the PPP fraction.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of discarding PPP after PRP preparation, the invention inverts the approach by specifically targeting EV isolation from PPP through high-speed centrifugation. The previously discarded fraction becomes the source material for EV concentration, transforming waste into valuable therapeutic product.
2Quantity of substance
If standard PRP procedure is used to concentrate platelets, then platelet concentration is achieved, but extracellular vesicles are left in PPP and discarded, reducing therapeutic efficacy
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the PRP preparation process with EV isolation by performing high-speed centrifugation on the PPP fraction to recover EVs, then combining these EVs back with the PRP. This integration ensures both platelets and extracellular vesicles are concentrated in the final therapeutic product, maximizing therapeutic efficacy.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention recovers extracellular vesicles that would otherwise be discarded with the PPP fraction. Through high-speed centrifugation, EVs are isolated from PPP and then combined with PRP, transforming what was previously waste material into a valuable component that enhances therapeutic effect.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method and device significantly increase the concentration of extracellular vesicles in PRP, improving its therapeutic effects by retaining these biological agents for injection.
Implementation Method 1
a container moveable between an upright position, in which a first fluid disposed in the container is centrifuged to precipitate at least one extracellular vesicle separate from the first fluid
Data Source
AI summary
A centrifugal device includes a container having a body with a first end and a second end disposed opposite to the first end. A cap is coupled to the second end of the container, and the cap includes a top surface having at least one port configured to receive or transmit one or more of air or fluid. So configured, the container is moveable between an upright position, in which a first fluid disposed in the container is centrifuged to precipitate at least one extracellular vesicle separate from the first fluid, and an inverted position in which one or more of the first fluid having at least one extracellular vesicle depleted therefrom is removed from the container and a second fluid mixed with the at least one extracellular vesicle removed is withdrawn from the container for injection.