Ceramic Multilayer Electrode Layout for Uniform Current Density

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Solution Overview

Problem

Ceramic multilayer components face challenges in designing internal electrodes to manage high current densities without damage, particularly in overvoltage protection elements and thermal sensors, where current density can exceed critical levels, and existing designs often result in oversized electrodes due to uniform material distribution.

Innovation Solution

The ceramic multilayer component features electrode layers with a decreasing current carrying capacity and specific electrical conductivity along the main extension direction, achieved through varying material composition and geometry, such as a mixture of conductive and insulating materials, and adjusted thickness and width, allowing for optimized current distribution and reduced material usage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If uniform material distribution is used in electrode layers, then manufacturing is simplified, but current density becomes non-uniform leading to electrode damage at high current levels

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode layer fabricationVSAvoidelectrode damage resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The electrode layer is designed with spatially varying material composition and geometry. The cross-sectional area and material composition change along the main extension direction, creating locally optimized properties that match the current density distribution, with larger cross-sections and higher conductive material content in high-current regions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent varies physical parameters of the electrode layer including cross-sectional area, material composition ratio, and thickness along the main extension direction. These parameter changes are designed to compensate for current density variations, maintaining safe operating conditions throughout the electrode structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If minimum cross-section of internal electrodes is increased to handle high current density, then current-carrying capacity improves, but material consumption and component size increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent-carrying capacityVSAvoidelectrode material consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of uniformly increasing electrode cross-section throughout, the patent applies larger cross-sections and higher conductive material content only in regions where current density is highest (near external electrodes), while using smaller cross-sections in regions with lower current density, thereby optimizing material usage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the cross-sectional area and material composition parameters along the electrode length to match local current density requirements, reducing material consumption while maintaining adequate current-carrying capacity where needed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If electrode layer geometry is optimized for current distribution, then current density uniformity improves, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent density uniformityVSAvoidelectrode layer structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements localized geometric variations in the electrode layer, such as changing thickness or width in specific regions, rather than complex three-dimensional structures throughout, balancing current distribution improvement with manufacturing feasibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The electrode layer can be divided into multiple zones with different geometric properties along the main extension direction, allowing independent optimization of each zone's current-carrying characteristics while maintaining overall structural simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP3811386B1Ceramic multilayer component and method for manufacturing it
Publication Date: 2024.07.31 TDK ELECTRONICS AG
  • EP3811386B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2A
  • EP3811386B1 patent drawingFigure 2B~2C
  • EP3811386B1 patent drawingFigure 2D~3B

AI summary

The invention relates to a ceramic multi-layer component (100), which has a stack (1) of ceramic layers (2) and electrode layers (3, 4) arranged therebetween, wherein the ceramic layers and the electrode layers are arranged one above the other along a stack direction (S), at least one first electrode layer (3) extending along a main extension direction (H) from a first end region (31) to a second end region (32) of the first electrode layer and the at least one electrode layer having a current carrying capacity which decreases along the main extension direction. The invention further relates to a method for producing a ceramic multi-layer component.