Ceramic Fiber Coating via CVD and Impregnation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for processing ceramic fibers, such as continuous fiber coating and wet drum winding, suffer from issues like broken fibers, 'fuzz' production, and reduced throughput, which affect the yield and quality of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) prepregs.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a frame with a planar array of unidirectional ceramic fibers that are coated via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and then impregnated with a ceramic matrix precursor slurry to form CMC prepreg tapes, using a batch or continuous process to improve coating and impregnation efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If continuous fiber coating and wet drum winding methods are used to process ceramic fibers, then coating and impregnation can be achieved, but fiber breakage and 'fuzz' production increase, reducing yield and quality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating and impregnation capabilityVSAvoidfiber integrity and product quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The process is divided into two separate sequential operations: first coating the ceramic fibers, then impregnating them with matrix precursor slurry. This segmentation allows each operation to be optimized independently, preventing the mechanical stress and handling issues that cause fiber breakage and fuzz when both operations are combined in traditional continuous methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The ceramic fibers are coated with the desired coating material before being impregnated with the matrix precursor slurry. This preliminary coating action protects the fibers during subsequent handling and impregnation processes, reducing fiber damage while ensuring proper coating application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Productivity

If traditional continuous processing methods are used, then throughput can be maintained, but fiber breakage and processing defects increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing throughputVSAvoidfiber integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

By separating coating and impregnation into distinct batch processing steps, the method eliminates the continuous mechanical handling that causes fiber breakage, while still achieving high productivity through efficient batch processing cycles and optimized process parameters for each stage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If batch processing is used for coating and impregnation, then fiber quality and yield improve, but processing time may increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber integrity and yieldVSAvoidprocessing cycle time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The batch processing method maintains continuity of useful action by optimizing each batch cycle to complete coating and impregnation efficiently, with no idle time between operations. The process is designed so that fibers proceed directly from coating to impregnation within the same processing cycle, maximizing productivity while maintaining quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

4Reliability

If ceramic fibers are coated and impregnated in sequence, then fiber-matrix interface properties improve, but process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber-matrix interface strengthVSAvoidprocessing steps
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The coating and impregnation operations are merged into a single integrated process flow where fibers are coated and then immediately impregnated in sequence without removal or intermediate handling. This merging approach improves fiber-matrix interface properties while minimizing the increase in process complexity by using the same processing equipment for both operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the productivity and quality of CMC prepregs by minimizing fiber breakage and 'fuzz' production, allowing for more consistent and efficient formation of CMC articles with improved fiber-matrix interface properties.

Implementation Method 1

depositing a coating on the ceramic fibers of the at least one frame via a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical vapor deposition: Chemical Vapour Deposition

Implementation Method 2

the fibers and reactants are heated to an elevated temperature where coating precursors decompose and deposit as the coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal decomposition: Decomposition (biological)

Data Source

PatentEP3173393B1Methods for processing ceramic fiber
Publication Date: 2025.01.01 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP3173393B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3173393B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3173393B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

The present application provides methods (100) and apparatus (32) for processing ceramic fibers (30) for the manufacture of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). One method (100) may include providing (102) at least one frame (40) including a planar array (34) of unidirectional ceramic fibers (30) extending across a void (50) thereof. The method (100) may further include depositing (104) a coating on the ceramic fibers (30) of the at least one frame (40) via a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The method (100) may also include impregnating (106) the coated ceramic fibers (30) with a slurry (38) including a ceramic matrix precursor composition to form at least one CMC prepreg (60), such as a prepreg tape. The ceramic fibers (30) may be substantially SiC fibers, for example.