Ceramic Hot Water Heater Layout for Compact Vehicle Cabin Heating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electric heating systems in hybrid and electric vehicles face challenges in reducing size and weight while efficiently heating hot water for air-conditioning, as they rely on cast heat transfer blocks and lack efficient ceramic heaters suitable for vehicle applications.

Innovation Solution

An electric heating type hot water heating apparatus utilizing a ceramic heater with a rod-shaped shaft section, strategically positioned within a flow path to align with the water flow direction, and optionally including a second ceramic heater, to efficiently heat the medium while minimizing size and weight, and incorporating features like taper sections and vibration-proof members to prevent heat shock and optimize heat transfer.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If a cast heat transfer block is used as a heating element, then the heating device can be manufactured, but the size and weight of the heating device cannot be reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovemanufacturabilityVSAvoidweight
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameter from cast metal heat transfer block to ceramic heating element, which has different density and thermal properties. This material substitution enables weight reduction while maintaining heating functionality through the ceramic's high thermal efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the essential heating function from the bulky cast heat transfer block and concentrates it into a compact ceramic heater element. This extraction removes unnecessary material while preserving the core heating capability, achieving weight and size reduction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Ease of manufacture

If a cast heat transfer block is used for heating, then heating can be performed, but the heating device size and volume cannot be reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovemanufacturabilityVSAvoidvolume
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSVolume of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical parameters of the heating element by substituting ceramic material for cast metal, which has different density and thermal conductivity characteristics. This enables compact design with reduced volume while maintaining effective heating performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the heating function from the large-volume cast block and concentrates it into a compact ceramic heater, removing excess material and achieving significant volume reduction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Ease of manufacture

If heat transfer medium flows through a cast heat transfer block, then heating can be performed, but prompt heating cannot be achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovemanufacturabilityVSAvoidheating speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the thermal conductivity parameter by using ceramic material with superior thermal properties compared to cast metal. This enables faster heat transfer from the heating element to the water, achieving prompt heating response

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the essential heating function and concentrates it in a compact ceramic element with high thermal efficiency, eliminating the thermal inertia associated with large cast blocks and enabling rapid heating

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Productivity

If ceramic heater is used to directly heat liquid, then heating efficiency can be improved, but the ceramic heater may be damaged by heat shock

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating efficiencyVSAvoiddurability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies gradual heating control to cushion the thermal shock that would otherwise damage the ceramic heater. By progressively increasing temperature rather than sudden heating, the ceramic material is protected from thermal stress while maintaining high heating efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements dynamic temperature control that adapts to the ceramic heater's thermal characteristics. The heating rate is dynamically adjusted to prevent excessive thermal gradients that could cause damage, while still achieving efficient heating operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

5Power

If multiple ceramic heaters are disposed in the flow path, then calorific value can be increased, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalorific valueVSAvoidstructural complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the heating function into multiple independent ceramic heaters arranged in the flow path. This segmentation allows distributed heating zones that increase total calorific value while maintaining modular simplicity in the overall structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables efficient heating with reduced size and weight, effective bubble exclusion, and enhanced heat transfer, allowing for prompt heating and increased calorific value while preventing ceramic heater damage from heat shock and vibrations.

Implementation Method 1

a ceramic heater disposed in the flow path

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

the flow path includes an upward flow path which extends in an up/down direction of a vehicle as well as in which a water flow direction of the heat transfer medium is directed upward

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravitational separation: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP2607120B1Electric heating type hot water heating apparatus, vehicle air-conditioning apparatus provided therewith, and vehicle
Publication Date: 2015.10.14 VALEO JAPAN CO LTD
  • EP2607120B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2607120B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2607120B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

An object of the invention is to provide an electric heating type hot water heating apparatus which can efficiently perform heating and whose is size and weight are reduced, a vehicle air-conditioning apparatus provided therewith, and a vehicle. SOLUTION The electric heating type hot water heating apparatus 100 according to the invention, which supplies hot water as a heat transfer medium to a heating heat exchanger disposed in a vehicle air-conditioning apparatus via a piping, comprising a case 30 having an inlet port 31, a flow path 40, and an outlet port 32 of the heat transfer medium; and a ceramic heater 200 disposed in the flow path 40.