Ceramic Part Laser Decoration via Plasma Stoichiometry Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for coloring ceramic parts, such as zirconia and alumina, either color the entire part uniformly or produce unattractive high-contrast designs, limiting the ability to create intricate patterns with reduced contrast.

Innovation Solution

A method involving plasma treatment to form a stoichiometric surface layer of metal nitrides or carbides on ceramic parts, followed by localized laser illumination to alter the surface stoichiometry and create patterns with controlled color contrast.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If a pigment or oxide is introduced into the zirconium oxide mixture prior to injection moulding, then the ceramic part can be coloured, but the entire part becomes coloured uniformly and designs cannot be made on the ceramic part

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecolouring capabilityVSAvoiddesign flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The invention segments the colouring process into two distinct stages: first, a uniform plasma treatment creates a stoichiometric surface layer across the entire part, and second, localized laser illumination selectively modifies specific regions. This segmentation enables both uniform colour base and localized design elements, resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacture and design flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The plasma treatment is performed as a preliminary action before laser decoration. This pre-treatment creates a uniformly stoichiometric surface layer that serves as a consistent base for subsequent laser patterning, enabling better control over final appearance and design quality while maintaining manufacturing efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Manufacturing precision

If the surface of a zirconium oxide part is illuminated for a sufficiently long time to obtain a change in colour from milky white to black, then an image can be formed, but the contrast obtained is very strong and unattractive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage formationVSAvoidaesthetic quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the parameters of the illumination process by using laser beams with specific wavelengths (1064 nm or 532 nm) and controlling the duration and intensity of exposure. This allows precise control over the degree of stoichiometry alteration, enabling the formation of images with moderate, aesthetically pleasing contrast rather than extreme black-on-white contrast.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The laser treatment applies local quality by selectively illuminating specific regions of the ceramic surface while leaving other areas untreated or differently treated. This creates spatial variation in colour intensity and contrast, allowing for aesthetically pleasing designs with nuanced shading rather than uniform high-contrast images.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Manufacturing precision

If a plasma treatment is performed to convert the surface layer into a substantially stoichiometric ceramic, then the surface layer stoichiometry is improved, but additional process steps are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface layer stoichiometryVSAvoidprocess steps
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges two functions into a coordinated process: the plasma treatment not only improves surface stoichiometry but also creates a uniform base colour that enhances subsequent laser patterning effectiveness. This combination of surface preparation and colour enhancement in one step justifies the added process complexity by improving overall manufacturing precision and aesthetic quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables the creation of ceramic parts with reduced contrast patterns, allowing for aesthetically pleasing designs on ceramic horology items like watchcases and bracelets by altering the surface layer composition and color through precise laser scanning.

Implementation Method 1

Performing a plasma treatment of the part using a gas containing one element selected from among nitrogen an carbon, so as to convert a surface layer of metallic oxide, into a substantially stoichiometric ceramic chosen from among metal nitrides and carloides

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma treatment: Plasma

Implementation Method 2

Performing a plasma treatment of the part using a gas containing one element selected from among nitrogen an carbon, so as to convert a surface layer of metallic oxide, into a substantially stoichiometric ceramic chosen from among metal nitrides

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNitriding: Nitriding

Implementation Method 3

Performing a plasma treatment of the part using a gas containing one element selected from among nitrogen an carbon, so as to convert a surface layer of metallic oxide, into a substantially stoichiometric ceramic chosen from among metal carloides

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCarburizing: Carburizing

Implementation Method 4

locally illuminating the part with the laser beam so as to provide sufficient energy to cause a local change in colour by altering the stoichiometry of the surface layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser heating: Laser

Implementation Method 5

locally illuminating the part with the laser beam so as to provide sufficient energy to cause a local change in colour by altering the stoichiometry of the surface layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser ablation: Laser Ablation

Data Source

PatentUS7910854B2Method of decorating a ceramic part
Publication Date: 2011.03.22 COMADUR

AI summary

The invention proposes a method of locally colouring a part made of ceramic material of the metallic oxide type mainly including the following steps of taking a support for the part and a laser, able to move relative to each other in an XY plane, performing a plasma treatment of the part using a gas containing one element selected from among nitrogen an carbon, so as to convert a surface layer of metallic oxide, into a substantially stoichiometric ceramic chosen from among metal nitrides and carloides, locally illuminating the part with the laser beam so as to provide sufficient energy to cause a local change in colour by altering the stoichiometry of the surface layer, and scanning the surface of the part using the laser beam so as to form a determined pattern.