Ceramic Nanocomposite Coating for Thermal Oxidative Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing materials, such as superalloys and ceramic components, face challenges in maintaining thermal and oxidative stability under severe environmental conditions, particularly in high-temperature and corrosive environments like those encountered in gas turbine engines, where current barrier layers fall short in providing adequate protection.

Innovation Solution

A composite article featuring a ceramic nanocomposite layer formed from a pyrolyzed single-source polyborosilazane pre-ceramic polymer with an amorphous microstructure and ordered crystalline phases, comprising silicon, boron, carbon, and oxide-forming materials, which is applied to a substrate to enhance thermal and oxidative stability, with a controlled silicon-to-boron atom ratio and incorporation of oxide-forming metals or semi-metals to act as oxygen scavengers and self-repair microcracks.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional barrier layers are used to protect substrates from high temperature and corrosive environments, then thermal and oxidative stability is improved, but the protection becomes insufficient under severe environmental conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal and oxidative stabilityVSAvoidinsufficient protection from high temperature and corrosive environments
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by combining multiple ceramic phases (silicon oxide, boron oxide, silicon nitride, boron nitride) within a single coating layer. This multi-phase composite structure provides superior thermal and oxidative stability compared to conventional single-phase barrier layers, as each phase contributes different protective properties that work synergistically to withstand severe environmental conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes parameter changes by controlling the pyrolysis temperature and duration to transform the pre-ceramic polymer into a specific nanocomposite structure with controlled crystal grain size (less than 100 nanometers). This parameter control enables the formation of a dense, fine-grained microstructure that provides enhanced protective properties while maintaining adhesion to the substrate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If a ceramic protective layer is applied to improve thermal stability, then oxidation resistance is enhanced, but the layer may develop microcracks under thermal stress

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoxidation resistanceVSAvoidmicrocrack resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements self-service through the incorporation of oxide-forming metals that enable automatic repair of microcracks. When microcracks form under thermal stress, the oxide-forming metals react with oxygen to form stable oxides that seal and repair the cracks autonomously, maintaining oxidation resistance without external intervention. This self-repair mechanism is particularly effective in high-temperature environments where oxidation is active.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies parameter changes by controlling the thermal expansion coefficients of the coating layers to minimize differential stress. The multi-phase ceramic composition is designed to have thermal expansion properties that match the substrate, reducing the likelihood of microcrack formation during temperature cycling while maintaining the protective oxide-forming capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If a thick ceramic coating is applied to maximize protection, then thermal and oxidative stability improves, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal and oxidative protectionVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses composite materials to achieve maximum protection within a thin coating thickness. The multi-phase ceramic nanocomposite structure provides high protective performance per unit thickness, eliminating the need for thick coatings that would increase manufacturing complexity. The fine-grained nanocomposite structure creates a dense barrier that is highly effective at blocking oxygen and moisture diffusion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the coating thickness to achieve the desired protective performance. By controlling the pyrolysis parameters and coating application conditions, the patent achieves optimal protection within a thin layer, avoiding the manufacturing complexity associated with thick coatings while maintaining superior thermal and oxidative stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The ceramic nanocomposite layer significantly improves the thermal and oxidative stability of the composite article by forming stable oxides and glasses that prevent oxygen reaction with the substrate, enhance thermal resistance, and self-repair microcracks, thereby extending the lifespan and performance of components in harsh environments.

Implementation Method 1

forming a ceramic nanocomposite layer by pyrolizing a single-source polyborosilazane pre-ceramic polymer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPyrolysis: Pyrolysis

Implementation Method 2

forming stable oxides and glasses that prevent oxygen reaction with the substrate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Implementation Method 3

incorporation of oxide-forming metals or semi-metals to act as oxygen scavengers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbsorption: Absorption (physical)

Implementation Method 4

self-repair microcracks

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSelf-assembly: Self-Assembly

Data Source

PatentEP2495226B1Composite article having a ceramic nanocomposite layer
Publication Date: 2018.10.31 UNITED TECH CORP
  • EP2495226B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

A composite article (20) includes a substrate and a ceramic nanocomposite layer (24) disposed on the substrate (22). The ceramic nanocomposite layer has a composition that includes silicon, boron, carbon and nitrogen.