Ceramic Soft Composite Solid-State Battery Electrolyte
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Solution Overview
Problem
Solid-state lithium batteries face mechanical stress and physical degradation of the solid electrolyte, leading to potential battery failure due to cracking and loss of conductivity, which is not effectively addressed by existing technologies.
Innovation Solution
A composite material of (LPS)a(OIPC)b is developed, where (LPS) includes Li3PS4, Li7P3S11, or Li10GeP2S11, and (OIPC) is a salt of a cation and a closo-borane cluster anion, formed through a mixture of (LPS) and x mol % of (OIPC) heated and pressed within specific temperature and pressure ranges, creating a core-shell structure that enhances mechanical stability and lithium ion conductivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a solid electrolyte is used in solid-state batteries, then safety is improved and energy density is increased, but mechanical stress stability deteriorates leading to cracking and physical degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite material consisting of ceramic particles (Li3PS4, Li7P3S11, or Li10GeP2S11) dispersed in an organic ionic liquid crystal matrix. This combination provides both the safety benefits of solid electrolytes and improved mechanical flexibility, allowing the electrolyte to accommodate volume changes without cracking while maintaining high lithium ion conductivity.
2Reliability
If a solid electrolyte is used in solid-state batteries, then energy density is improved, but mechanical stress stability deteriorates causing physical degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The composite structure combines rigid ceramic particles that provide high lithium ion conductivity for energy density with a flexible organic ionic liquid crystal matrix that provides mechanical compliance. This allows the electrolyte to maintain structural integrity under mechanical stress while enabling high energy density applications.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the physical state and mechanical properties of the electrolyte by using the liquid crystal phase of organic ionic liquids, which provides intermediate properties between rigid solids and flexible liquids, thereby improving mechanical stress stability while maintaining solid electrolyte benefits.
3Reliability
If traditional solid electrolytes are used, then lithium ion conductivity is maintained, but mechanical stress stability deteriorates under volume changes
Solution Approach 1:
The composite electrolyte maintains high lithium ion conductivity through the ceramic particle phase (Li3PS4, Li7P3S11, or Li10GeP2S11) while the organic ionic liquid crystal matrix provides mechanical flexibility to accommodate volume changes during battery cycling, preventing cracking and physical degradation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite material exhibits improved mechanical stress stability and high lithium ion conductivity, reducing the risk of battery failure and maintaining performance under lower molding pressures compared to traditional solid electrolytes.
Implementation Method 1
heating the mixture to a temperature between a melting temperature of the (OIPC) and a crystallization temperature of the (LPS)
Implementation Method 2
pressing the mixture with a predetermined pressure
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a composite material of formula (I): (LPS)a(OIPC)b wherein each of a and b is a mass % value from 1% to 99% such that a+b is 100%; (LPS) is a material selected from the group consisting of Li3PS4, Li7P3S11, Li10GeP2S11, and a material of formula (II): xLi2S.yP2S5.(100−x−y)LiX; wherein X is I, Cl or Br, each of x and y is a mass % value of from 33.3% to 50% such that x+y is from 75% to 100% and the total mass % of Li2S, P2S5 and LiX is 100%; and (OIPC) is a salt of a cation and a closo-borane cluster anion.