Ceramic Thermal Switch with Temperature-Dependent Conductivity

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing thermal switches require additional components or energy sources for switching, are bulky, and have limited shape flexibility and thermal conductivity variation, making them unsuitable for efficient heat management.

Innovation Solution

A ceramic material with a controlled microstructure characteristic length that changes thermal conductivity with temperature, allowing for self-switching between heat insulation and dissipation states without the need for external components or energy sources.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a thermal switch uses additional components (electrodes, actuators) to switch thermal conductivity, then the switching function is achieved, but the device size increases and shape flexibility is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching functionVSAvoiddevice size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and eliminates the additional components (electrodes, actuators, wiring) from the thermal switch system. The core invention uses a transition body material that inherently changes thermal conductivity in response to environmental stimuli, removing the need for external switching components and thereby reducing device size and complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The transition body material performs self-switching of thermal conductivity based on environmental conditions (temperature, light, moisture) without requiring external control systems. The material autonomously transitions between high and low thermal conductivity states, eliminating the need for actuators and control circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Reliability

If electronic phase transition materials like VO2 are used to change thermal conductivity, then switching between states is achieved, but the variation in thermal conductivity is small (3.5 to 5.5 W/(m·K))

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching capabilityVSAvoidthermal conductivity variation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a transition body material that undergoes significant parameter changes in thermal conductivity (from near-zero to high values) in response to environmental stimuli. This material exhibits a much larger thermal conductivity variation range compared to conventional electronic phase transition materials, enabling effective thermal switching with high contrast between ON and OFF states.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If a thermal switch requires electrodes and wiring to apply energy for switching, then the switching function is achieved, but the switch increases in size and installation positions are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching functionVSAvoidswitch size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLength of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes electrodes, wiring, and external energy application mechanisms from the thermal switch design. The transition body material responds directly to environmental stimuli (temperature, light, moisture) present in the operating environment, eliminating the need for integrated electrodes and wiring infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The transition body material serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as the thermal conduction path, the switching element, and the sensing element. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate electrodes, actuators, and control systems, significantly reducing the overall switch size and enabling installation in diverse positions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The ceramic material provides effective temperature regulation by switching between low and high thermal conductivity states based on temperature, enabling compact, flexible, and efficient heat management solutions.

Implementation Method 1

a ceramic material having heat-transfer performance that changes with temperatures

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature-dependent thermal conductivity change:

Data Source

PatentEP3042885B1A method comprising using a ceramic material as a thermal switch
Publication Date: 2022.06.01 NGK INSULATORS LTD
  • EP3042885B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3042885B1 patent drawingFigure 1C~2
  • EP3042885B1 patent drawing

AI summary

Provided are a ceramic material having heat-transfer performance that can change with temperatures, and a thermal switch including the same. A ceramic material has a characteristic length La of a micro-structure thereof that satisfies 0.1LAMFP≤La≤100LAMFP, and has thermal conductivity that monotonously increases from room temperature to 100°C, where LAMFP denotes apparent mean free path of phonons at room temperature, and is defined as LAMFP=(3× thermal conductivity)/(heat capacity×speed of sound). The characteristic length La of the micro-structure is an interval between particles of different type of material when the ceramic material includes a composite material in which the different type of material is dispersed in a base material, is an interval between one pore and another pore when the ceramic material includes a porous body, and is the crystalline particle size (interval between one grain boundary and another grain boundary) when the ceramic material includes a polycrystalline body.