Cesium Salt Nitrile Electrolyte for Fast Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face challenges in rapid charge-discharge performance and safety issues due to battery gassing during continuous charging, necessitating improvements in electrolyte composition to enhance both performance and safety.
Innovation Solution
An electrolyte comprising a cesium salt, such as cesium hexafluorophosphate, and a nitrile compound, along with additives like lithium difluorophosphate, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide, or catechol sulfate, is used to form a stable solid electrolyte interface film, preventing transition metal dissolution and reducing gas production.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional electrolyte composition is used, then battery can operate normally, but rapid charge-discharge performance is poor and gassing occurs during continuous charge
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing specific additives (cesium salt and nitrile compound) in optimized concentrations. The cesium salt is added at 0.01-1.5 wt% and nitrile compound at 0.5-12 wt%, which modifies the electrolyte's properties to enable faster ion transport and reduce gas generation during charging operations
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining conventional electrolyte components with specific additives (cesium salt and nitrile compound). This composite formulation works synergistically to improve both rapid charge-discharge performance and suppress gassing, achieving dual benefits that neither component could provide alone
2Productivity
If electrolyte composition is optimized for rapid charging, then charge-discharge performance improves, but cycle stability and safety may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes multiple parameters simultaneously: the cesium salt concentration (0.01-1.5 wt%) enhances ion conductivity for rapid charging, while the nitrile compound concentration (0.5-12 wt%) forms protective films that improve cycle stability. This multi-parameter optimization achieves both high productivity and reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The nitrile compound acts as an intermediary that forms a stable interface film between the electrode and electrolyte. This film mediates the interaction, allowing fast ion transport while preventing harmful reactions that would compromise cycle stability and safety, thus bridging the gap between performance and reliability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed electrolyte composition significantly improves the rapid charge-discharge performance and cycle stability of lithium-ion batteries while minimizing battery gassing, ensuring safer and more efficient charging processes.
Implementation Method 1
An electrolyte comprising a cesium salt, such as cesium hexafluorophosphate, and a nitrile compound, along with additives like lithium difluorophosphate, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide, or catechol sulfate, is used to form a stable solid electrolyte interface film
Data Source
AI summary
The present application relates to an electrolyte and an electrochemical device. The electrolyte comprises a cesium salt and a nitrile compound. The electrolyte provided in the present application improves rapid charge-discharge performance and cycle performance of a lithium-ion battery while improving the problem of battery gassing during continuous charge.