Challenge-Response Authentication Using Keyed Response Delays

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing authentication methods in low-power devices are limited by fixed key sizes and computational resources, making it difficult to enhance security and detect device clones, while maintaining compatibility with standard cryptographic protocols.

Innovation Solution

A challenge-response authentication method that incorporates a delay computation function using a secondary key to increase the effective key size, allowing detection of illegitimate devices by verifying the arrival time of responses within a distribution interval, and optionally updating the secondary key after each use.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the key size is increased to enhance authentication strength, then security is improved, but computational resources (time, energy, memory) are consumed excessively

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveauthentication strengthVSAvoidcomputational resource consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The authentication key is segmented into two separate keys: a first key used for standard cryptographic authentication and a second key used for computing response delay. This segmentation allows each key to serve a specific function with optimized resource usage, avoiding the need to increase the size of a single authentication key while still enhancing overall authentication strength through the combination of both keys.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If the key size is increased to detect device clones, then clone detection capability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclone detection capabilityVSAvoiddevice structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The authentication system is segmented into two functional components: standard cryptographic verification using a first key and delay-based verification using a second key. This segmentation enables clone detection through delay verification without requiring a single complex key structure, thereby improving clone detection capability while maintaining manageable device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The response delay computed using the second key acts as an intermediary verification mechanism. Instead of directly increasing key size for clone detection, the system introduces a delay verification step that serves as an intermediate check, allowing legitimate devices to be distinguished from clones based on their ability to compute the correct delay, thus improving clone detection without significantly increasing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Adaptability or versatility

If standard cryptographic protocols are used to maintain compatibility, then interoperability is ensured, but authentication strength is limited by fixed key sizes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotocol compatibilityVSAvoidauthentication strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system merges two authentication mechanisms: standard cryptographic verification (using the first key) that ensures protocol compatibility and interoperability, and delay-based verification (using the second key) that enhances authentication strength. By combining these two independent verification methods, the system maintains compatibility with standard cryptographic protocols while overcoming the limitation of fixed key sizes through the additional security layer provided by the second key.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP4156599B1Method and device for challenge-response authentication
Publication Date: 2025.07.23 NXP BV
  • EP4156599B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4156599B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4156599B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method is provided for challenge-response authentication between a verifier and a prover. In the method, a challenge is received from the verifier, the challenge for verifying an identity of the prover. The challenge is computed using a first verifier key. The prover computes a response to the challenge using a first prover key. The prover also computes a delay time for delaying transmission of the response to the verifier using a second prover key and a delay computation function. The response is transmitted by the prover to the verifier at the computed delay time. The response is verifiable by the verifier using the first verifier key. An arrival time of the response is verifiable by the verifier using a second verifier key. In another embodiment, a device for providing a delayed response is provided.