Chamfered Vascular Access Device Plunger for Thrombosis Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vascular access devices face challenges in preventing thrombosis and facilitating simultaneous inflow and outflow of therapeutic agents due to dead space creation and haemodynamic disturbances when connected at non-perpendicular angles, and they cannot accommodate multiple catheters for enhanced therapeutic delivery.
Innovation Solution
A vascular access device with a chamfered cannula end and plunger tip, designed to align with the blood vessel wall, minimizing dead space and allowing for the insertion of multiple catheters through a multiport adaptor for enhanced vascular isolation and therapeutic delivery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional cylindrical plunger tip is used in a cannula connected at a non-perpendicular angle, then the plunger can prevent blood filling, but it creates dead space in the lower part of the lumen causing fluid stasis and thrombosis risk
Solution Approach 1:
The plunger tip is designed with an asymmetric chamfered surface instead of a conventional cylindrical shape. The chamfer angle is specifically configured to match the cannula's connection angle to the blood vessel wall, creating a planar interface that eliminates dead space while maintaining blood filling prevention. This asymmetric design allows the plunger to adapt to non-perpendicular cannula connections without creating fluid stasis zones.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the geometric parameters of the plunger tip by introducing a chamfer with a specific angle that corresponds to the cannula-vessel connection angle. This parameter modification transforms the plunger tip from a standard cylindrical shape to a customized chamfered surface, optimizing the interface geometry to eliminate dead space and prevent thrombosis while maintaining the blood blocking function.
2Duration of action of moving object
If a single lumen access device with plunger is used, then vascular access can be maintained, but it cannot accommodate multiple catheters for simultaneous inflow and outflow of therapeutic agents
Solution Approach 1:
The access device is segmented into multiple functional lumens within a single catheter structure. The first lumen accommodates the plunger for blood filling prevention, while additional lumens are provided for simultaneous inflow and outflow of therapeutic agents. This segmentation allows multiple independent functions to coexist within one access device, enabling prolonged vascular access with enhanced therapeutic versatility.
Solution Approach 2:
The access device is designed with multi-functionality by incorporating multiple lumens that can serve different purposes: one lumen for plunger operation to prevent blood filling, another for therapeutic agent injection, and a third for drainage or outflow. This universal design allows a single access device to perform multiple therapeutic functions simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate access points while maintaining prolonged vascular access.
3Reliability
If protrusions or recesses are added to the cannula end or plug to improve sealing, then blood leakage is reduced, but dead space is created allowing blood pooling and thrombosis
Solution Approach 1:
The sealing interface is designed with localized chamfered surfaces at the specific contact zone between the plunger tip and cannula end, rather than adding protrusions or recesses throughout the structure. This localized quality change provides effective sealing at the critical interface while maintaining a smooth, continuous lumen surface that prevents blood pooling and eliminates dead space elsewhere in the system.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the potential harm of a simple flat plunger tip interface (which might leak) into a beneficial chamfered design that simultaneously provides both sealing and dead space elimination. The chamfered surface, which could be seen as a modification adding complexity, actually resolves both the sealing requirement and the dead space problem by creating a planar sealing interface that aligns with the cannula wall, preventing blood leakage without creating pooling zones.
Data Source
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AI summary
A method of delivering a therapeutic substance for treatment to a region of the body through vascular isolation and manipulation of fluid flux into and from the region of the body including the steps of: restricting vascular inflow to the region of the body; washing out oncotically active plasma proteins from the region of the body by increasing the outward oncotic pressure gradient from the region of the body; inducing ischemia in the region of the body; controlling the pressure and fluid flow of the main blood vessels to and from the region of the body; providing the therapeutic substance to the region of the body when the fluid flow to the region of the body is controlled.