Channel Reservation Mechanism for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing channel reservation schemes in Ultra Wideband ad hoc wireless networks are inefficient due to interference and inflexible bi-directional communication, leading to reduced data throughput and poor quality of service, especially in scenarios with varying traffic ratios.
Innovation Solution
The method involves transmitting a reservation request with a reservation type for exclusive use, employing a prioritized contention access scheme, and using a reservation allocation that can be subdivided into even and odd slots for balanced access, along with an outgoing clear to send communication for ownership transfer, enabling efficient bi-directional communication without requiring separate reservations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If exclusion-based schemes like CSMA/CA are used for channel access, then collision avoidance is achieved, but data throughput is reduced due to interference and simultaneous transmissions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by implementing channel reservation where devices reserve the channel before actual data transmission. The reservation phase occurs before the data transmission phase, allowing the channel to be pre-allocated to avoid collisions. This reservation mechanism enables multiple devices to transmit simultaneously without interference by establishing exclusive access rights in advance, thereby resolving the contradiction between collision avoidance and data throughput.
2Ease of operation
If traditional channel reservation schemes are used, then medium access negotiation is achieved, but medium utilization efficiency is reduced due to inflexible bi-directional communication
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by implementing flexible bi-directional communication in channel reservation. Instead of fixed unidirectional reservations, the system allows dynamic ownership transfer between devices through CTS (Clear To Send) messages. The reservation can be transferred from one device to another based on real-time communication needs, making the reservation mechanism adaptive and flexible. This dynamic approach significantly improves medium utilization efficiency while maintaining ease of operation for medium access negotiation.
3Adaptability or versatility
If separate reservations are used for each direction of communication, then bidirectional communication is achieved, but device complexity and reservation overhead increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by creating a multi-functional reservation mechanism that handles both unidirectional and bidirectional communication through a single reservation type. The reservation can be transferred between devices to support communication in either direction, eliminating the need for separate reservations for each direction. This universal approach reduces device complexity and reservation overhead while maintaining full bidirectional communication capability.
4Device complexity
If reservation allocations are not subdivided, then simple access control is maintained, but balanced two-party use is difficult to achieve in scenarios with varying traffic ratios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the reservation allocation into multiple time slots (first time slots and second time slots). This segmentation allows the reservation to be divided into distinct periods where different devices have priority access. By segmenting the reservation allocation, the system achieves balanced two-party use even in scenarios with varying traffic ratios, while maintaining relatively simple access control through the structured time slot assignment.
Data Source
AI summary
An exemplary method for reserving medium access in an ad hoc network comprises transmitting a reservation request by a reservation owner, the reservation request identifying a reservation allocation, a reservation target, and a reservation type. The reservation type identifies exclusive use of the reservation allocation by the reservation owner and the reservation target during a reservation period. The reservation target may employ a prioritized contention access (PCA) scheme to access the reservation allocation. Alternatively, an idle portion of the reservation allocation may be subdivided into a plurality of slots including even slots and odd slots, and the reservation owner gains access to the idle portion by starting to transmit during an even slot, while the reservation target gains access to the idle portion by starting to transmit during an odd slot. In yet another embodiment, the reservation owner transmits an outgoing clear to send (CTS) communication to the reservation target to transfer ownership of the reservation allocation to the reservation target, and receives an incoming clear to send (CTS) communication from the reservation target to regain ownership of the reservation allocation.