Charge Pump Power Switching for Over-Discharged Battery Startup
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing USB fan apparatuses fail to activate when the rechargeable battery is in an over-discharged state, even with a USB power supply connected, due to the power switching circuit not operating, preventing current flow to the microcomputer and charging system control circuit.
Innovation Solution
A charge and discharge control apparatus with a control unit that manages power supply circuits, including a first power supply circuit for receiving power and a second power supply circuit for discharging power from a battery, ensuring power is supplied to the processing circuit even when the battery is over-discharged by switching between a linear regulator and a charge pump circuit based on battery voltage thresholds.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a rechargeable battery is used as the power supply, then the device can operate independently without USB power supply, but the device cannot be activated when the battery is in an over-discharged state
Solution Approach 1:
A voltage boosting circuit is introduced as an intermediary component between the rechargeable battery and the power supply switching circuit. This boosting circuit acts as a mediator that raises the battery voltage when it falls below the switching threshold, enabling the power supply switching circuit to function even when the battery is over-discharged, thus resolving the contradiction between independent operation capability and device activation reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the voltage parameter of the battery output by incorporating a boosting circuit that can raise the voltage level. When the battery voltage drops below the required threshold for the power supply switching circuit, the boosting circuit activates to elevate the voltage back to the operational range, ensuring the device can be activated regardless of the battery's discharge state
2Adaptability or versatility
If a power supply switching circuit is used to select between USB power supply and rechargeable battery, then power source selection flexibility is improved, but the circuit fails to operate when battery voltage is too low
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage boosting circuit serves as an intermediary that preprocesses the battery output before it reaches the power supply switching circuit. By raising the voltage level, it ensures that the switching circuit receives adequate voltage signals for proper operation, thereby maintaining ease of operation while preserving power source selection flexibility across all battery charge states
3Adaptability or versatility
If the device uses only battery power, then USB power supply connection is not required, but power consumption is higher and battery life is shorter
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between battery-only mode and hybrid mode (battery + USB power supply) based on real-time power requirements and USB connection status. The power supply switching circuit and boosting circuit enable flexible transitions between power sources, allowing the device to use USB power when available to reduce battery consumption while maintaining power supply independence when USB is unavailable
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous operation of the processing circuit regardless of the battery's charging state, reducing power consumption and extending battery life by switching to a high-efficiency charge pump circuit when the battery is fully charged, thus maintaining device functionality and convenience.
Implementation Method 1
it has been determined that, in order to activate a USB fan device in an over-discharged state, a voltage boosting circuit may be required between the rechargeable battery and the power supply switching circuit
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a charge and discharge control apparatus including: a first power supply circuit configured to supply power to a power supply target based on received power; a charging circuit configured to charge a charging target based on received power; a second power supply circuit configured to supply power to the power supply target based on discharge power output from the charging target; and a control unit configured to control operations of the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit, wherein when a voltage of the charging target is lower than a predetermined value, the control unit causes the first power supply circuit to supply power to the power supply target.