Charge Transfer Circuit for Battery Impedance Spectroscopy
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing methods for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in battery management systems suffer from significant power loss due to the energy spent in generating excitation stimuli, which reduces the overall power efficiency and shortens the operational life of batteries.
Innovation Solution
A system that transfers charge between devices under test (DUTs) to perform EIS measurements, using a charge transfer circuit with a half-bridge configuration and an LC circuit to store and transfer energy, minimizing power loss by centering the excitation signal around zero and reducing the drain on individual batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If an excitation stimulus is provided to a device under test for spectroscopy measurement, then the measurement can be performed, but energy is lost in generating the stimulus which reduces power efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary energy storage device (capacitor or battery) between the excitation stimulus source and the device under test. This intermediary stores energy during charging and releases it during discharge to provide the excitation stimulus, thereby reducing the energy burden on the device under test and improving overall power efficiency while enabling spectroscopy measurements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements energy recovery by capturing and storing the energy that would otherwise be lost during the spectroscopy measurement process. The energy storage device recovers energy during charging phases and reuses it during discharge phases to generate excitation stimuli, converting what would be wasted energy into useful measurement energy and improving power efficiency.
2Loss of energy
If charge is transferred from one device under test to another through a circuit, then power loss is reduced and operational life is extended, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses an intermediary energy storage device and control circuit to facilitate charge transfer between devices under test. The energy storage device acts as a buffer that temporarily holds charge, while the control circuit manages the transfer timing and direction, enabling power loss reduction through charge sharing while maintaining manageable system complexity through modular design.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces power loss during EIS measurements, allowing batteries to retain more charge and extending their operational life while maintaining accurate impedance measurement capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
using a charge transfer circuit with a half-bridge configuration and an LC circuit to store and transfer energy
Implementation Method 2
using a charge transfer circuit with a half-bridge configuration and an LC circuit to store and transfer energy
Implementation Method 3
A system that transfers charge between devices under test (DUTs) to perform EIS measurements
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus includes a charge transfer circuit, a control circuit, and a processing circuit. The charge transfer circuit has a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, and a control input. The control circuit has a control output coupled to the control input. The processing circuit has a first input, a second input, and an output. The processing circuit is configured to receive a first signal at the first input and receive a second signal at the second input. The first signal represents a current through the charge transfer circuit. The second signal represents at least one of a first voltage between the first and second terminals or a second voltage between the second and third terminals. The processing circuit is also configured to provide a third signal based on the first and second signals at the output.