Charger Dynamic Voltage Adjustment for Energy Saving
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing chargers consume excessive energy due to maintaining a constant output voltage during battery charging, leading to inefficiencies as the battery voltage increases.
Innovation Solution
A battery voltage feedback unit is integrated into the charger to dynamically adjust the output voltage in real-time based on the battery voltage, using a voltage sampling feedback unit and PWM controller, allowing the charger to reduce energy consumption by adjusting the output voltage as the battery voltage rises.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a constant voltage of 5V is used to charge the battery throughout the charging process, then the charging voltage is maintained at a preset level, but excessive energy is consumed when the battery voltage is at a low level
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic voltage adjustment by introducing a battery voltage feedback unit that continuously monitors battery voltage and feeds it back to the PWM controller. The PWM controller dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal based on the feedback, enabling the output voltage to transition from a fixed 5V constant voltage to a dynamically adjustable voltage that adapts to the battery's charging state. This resolves the contradiction by making the charging system flexible rather than rigid.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a feedback mechanism where the battery voltage feedback unit detects the battery voltage and feeds it back to the PWM controller. The PWM controller compares the feedback voltage with a reference voltage and adjusts the PWM duty cycle accordingly. This closed-loop feedback system enables automatic voltage regulation, reducing energy consumption when battery voltage is low while maintaining stable charging voltage when needed, thus resolving the contradiction between voltage stability and energy efficiency.
2Loss of energy
If the output voltage is dynamically adjusted according to battery voltage, then energy consumption is reduced, but the charging system complexity increases due to additional feedback components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the battery voltage feedback unit with the existing voltage sampling feedback unit. The battery voltage feedback unit shares the same operational amplifier and PWM controller with the voltage sampling feedback unit, integrating multiple functions into a unified control system. This merging approach reduces the need for separate independent control circuits, thereby minimizing the increase in system complexity while achieving dynamic voltage adjustment and energy savings.
Solution Approach 2:
The PWM controller in the patent serves multiple functions: it generates PWM signals for voltage regulation, processes feedback from the voltage sampling feedback unit, and simultaneously processes feedback from the battery voltage feedback unit. The operational amplifier is used for both voltage sampling and battery voltage feedback processing. This multi-functionality approach allows the system to achieve dynamic voltage adjustment without proportionally increasing the number of dedicated components, thus managing system complexity effectively.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces energy consumption by 15% by dynamically adjusting the output voltage, maintaining efficient charging while minimizing power input, and can potentially save significant amounts of electricity when applied to a large number of devices.
Implementation Method 1
a photocoupler, composed of a light emitting diode and a phototransistor
Implementation Method 2
a photocoupler, composed of a light emitting diode and a phototransistor
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
The present utility model provides a charger and a charging system. The charger includes: a rectifier, a transformer, a first diode, a capacitor, a voltage sampling feedback unit, a PWM controller, a battery voltage feedback unit and a semiconductor switching component, where the battery voltage feedback unit is added in the charger to detect battery voltage of a terminal, and the detected battery voltage of the terminal is fed back to a voltage sampling feedback unit inside the charger, so that the voltage sampling feedback unit can adjust an output voltage of the charger in real time according to an actual battery voltage of the terminal, and therefore, the output voltage of the charger gradually rises along with an increase of the battery voltage of the terminal, thereby effectively reducing energy consumption of the charger and achieving a purpose of energy saving.