Portable Charger with Segmented Protection Circuits for High Current Output
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Solution Overview
Problem
Portable backup chargers for mobile devices typically face limitations in providing DC-current outputs in various voltages and are not capable of delivering a large current necessary for starting a vehicle engine, while also lacking adequate safety features.
Innovation Solution
A portable backup charger with a battery pack, multiple output ports, and protection circuits that allow for different operating modes: one for standard device charging and another for high-current vehicle engine starting, utilizing lithium iron phosphate or cobalt oxide batteries and DC-DC voltage adjusting circuits, along with safety features like overcurrent protection and an intelligent LED battery indicator.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the charger is designed to provide high current for vehicle engine starting, then the current output capability is improved, but the device complexity increases due to multiple protection circuits and operating modes
Solution Approach 1:
The charger implements dynamic operational modes that automatically switch between first operating mode (standard charging) and second operating mode (high current engine starting) based on the connected load requirements. This dynamic adaptation allows the device to provide high current when needed while maintaining simpler operation during normal charging, effectively managing the complexity-power tradeoff
Solution Approach 2:
The protection system is segmented into multiple independent protection circuits, each dedicated to specific functions (overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection). This segmentation allows each circuit to be optimized independently and simplifies the overall control logic by distributing protection functions across separate modules rather than requiring a single complex protection system
2Reliability
If multiple protection circuits are added to ensure safety, then the reliability is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The protection system is divided into multiple independent protection circuits: first protection circuit for overcharge/over-discharge protection during standard charging, second protection circuit for overcurrent protection during high current engine starting. This segmentation provides comprehensive safety coverage while keeping each protection module relatively simple and manageable
Solution Approach 2:
The protection circuits operate automatically without user intervention, detecting and responding to abnormal conditions (overcharge, over-discharge, overcurrent, short circuit) in real-time. This self-service capability ensures continuous safety monitoring and protection while minimizing the need for complex user-controlled safety mechanisms
3Adaptability or versatility
If the charger supports various voltage outputs for different devices, then the adaptability is improved, but the device complexity increases due to multiple voltage adjusting circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The charger is designed with multi-functionality to support both standard device charging (first operating mode) and high current engine starting (second operating mode), along with multiple voltage outputs for different electronic devices. This universal design allows a single device to replace multiple specialized tools, achieving versatility while managing complexity through integrated circuit design
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The charger can supply power to various devices and start a vehicle engine with high current output while ensuring safety through protection circuits and multiple voltage options, offering convenience and reliability for outdoor use.
Implementation Method 1
a battery pack having at least one battery cell; a set of batteries; The set of batteries is composed of lithium iron phosphate batteries and lithium cobalt oxide batteries
Implementation Method 2
multiple DC-DC voltage adjusting circuits comprising a DC-DC 19 V-output boost circuit, a 12 V output circuit, and a DC-DC 5 V-output buck circuit
Data Source
AI summary
A portable backup charger includes a set of batteries; a charging circuit; a charge-discharge protection circuit; multiple DC-DC voltage adjusting circuits including a DC-DC 19 V-output boost circuit, a 12 V output circuit, and a DC-DC 5 V-output buck circuit; a MCU circuit; a 12 V output circuit outputting a current in the range of 100 A to 400 A; and a 150 A-250 A fuse. The set of batteries is composed of lithium iron phosphate batteries and lithium cobalt oxide batteries. The 12 V output circuit outputting a current in the range of 100 A to 400 A is directly connected to the set of batteries without interference with the charge-discharge protection circuit. The charger is convenient for carrying, and is capable of providing power for different electrical instruments including for an automobile.