Charger Fast Transient Response Control Method
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional chargers experience instability and slow response times due to constant switching between boost and buck circuits, failing to immediately meet load requirements and leading to voltage drops.
Innovation Solution
A charger design that includes a transformer, current detector, power stage circuit, feedback compensation circuit, ramp circuit, and control circuit, which determines whether the input current exceeds the transformer's safe limit to adjust the ramp signal or amplified error signal, allowing the energy storage element to quickly supply current to the load without switching between circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the conventional charger switches between boost circuit and buck circuit to meet load requirements, then the current supply capability is improved, but the system stability deteriorates due to constant switching
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the switching operation between boost and buck circuits from the system. By using a single buck circuit with an adjustable duty cycle, the patent eliminates the need for circuit switching while maintaining the ability to meet varying current demands, thus resolving the stability issue caused by constant switching.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the single buck circuit universal by adjusting its duty cycle to handle different current requirements. Instead of having separate boost and buck circuits for different operating modes, the buck circuit can operate in different modes (charging battery, charging load, or both) by varying the duty cycle, eliminating the need for circuit switching.
2Productivity
If the conventional charger calculates and generates control signals for circuit switching, then the current distribution is optimized, but the response time deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical switching operation between different circuits with an electronic control mechanism. By using a single circuit with electronically adjustable duty cycle controlled by a controller, the system achieves faster response times without the delays associated with physical circuit switching and control signal generation.
3Reliability
If the transformer supplies maximum current of 1A, then the transformer operates within safe limits, but the load requirement of 1.5A cannot be met
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the power supply from the transformer with the power from the battery to meet the load requirement. When the load requires more current than the transformer can safely provide (e.g., 1.5A when transformer max is 1A), the battery supplements the current through the single buck circuit, ensuring both transformer safety and load satisfaction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables a fast transient response, stabilizes output voltage, and prevents charger damage from excessive current, allowing the charger to quickly respond to load requirements without switching between boost and buck circuits.
Implementation Method 1
A maximum current which a transformer of the conventional charger can supply is 1 A after receiving the commercial power
Implementation Method 2
the charger may be used as a master and charge slave electronic devices... when the charger intends to charge the electronic devices, the charger is switched to the boost circuit for boosting a voltage supplied by the internal battery
Data Source
AI summary
A charger having a fast transient response and a control method thereof are provided, which decide how to quickly respond to a requirement of a load by determining whether an input current reference signal indicating an input current is larger than or equal to a maximum safe current of a transformer. Therefore, the charger and the control method realize the fast transient response without having to control switching between a boost circuit and a buck circuit. Meanwhile, the charger and the control method thereof can be prevented from being damaged by an excessive input current and can stabilize an output voltage of the load more quickly.