EV Battery Charging Cable Authentication for Multi-Voltage Compatibility

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Solution Overview

Problem

Charging systems for electric vehicles, particularly electric bicycles, face compatibility issues due to varying supply voltages and charging methods, as well as safety concerns from non-compliant charging cables.

Innovation Solution

A charging system with a control unit and multipole connectors that detect and adapt to different battery types, using electronic identification and authentication to ensure safe and efficient charging, including a power supply unit that generates appropriate voltages and a switch device for regulated current delivery, along with authentication circuits for cable verification.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If charging cables without authentication are used to reduce cost and simplify the system, then ease of manufacture and device complexity are improved, but reliability and safety deteriorate due to non-compliant cables causing damage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of manufactureVSAvoidreliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements preliminary authentication of charging cables through electronic identifiers (RFID tags, barcodes, or QR codes) before charging begins. The charging station reads the identifier, verifies cable compliance against a database, and only authorizes charging for authenticated cables. This preliminary verification prevents non-compliant cables from causing damage while maintaining system safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple charging cables are provided for different battery types to ensure compatibility, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveadaptabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a universal charging cable design with standardized connectors that can interface with different battery types. Instead of manufacturing separate cables for each battery voltage (36V, 48V) and charging method, a single cable type is used for all applications. The charging station's control unit automatically detects battery parameters and adjusts charging parameters accordingly, eliminating the need for multiple specialized cables.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an electronic identification system as an intermediary between the charging cable and battery. The cable carries an identifier that communicates cable capabilities and compatibility information to the charging station. This intermediary enables the charging station to mediate the charging process by selecting appropriate parameters based on the identified cable and battery combination, simplifying the overall system architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Adaptability or versatility

If electronic identification devices are added to charging cables to identify supply voltage, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveadaptabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses simple optical copying methods (barcodes or QR codes) or passive RFID tags to encode cable identification information. These are the simplest forms of electronic identification that can be manufactured at low cost and integrated into existing cable production processes. The identification data is stored in a centralized database accessible by the charging station, separating the complexity of data management from the cable itself.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Data Source

PatentEP3696011B1Charging system and method of a battery of an electric vehicle
Publication Date: 2023.08.30 FERRARI MASSIMO
  • EP3696011B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3696011B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3696011B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a charging system and method of a battery of an electric vehicle, in particular a bicycle, comprising a charging station (10; 100) and at least one charging cable (12) connectable to a battery (2) to be charged. The charging station (10; 100) comprises at least one power unit (102) provided with a power card adapted to charge the battery and a female-type connector (22) adapted to connect to a male-type connector (24) of the charging cable. The charging cable and the charging station are provided with respective authentication circuits configured to implement a cable authentication algorithm which, in case of a positive outcome, enables charging the battery. The charging system allows charging batteries of different types and working voltages.