Charging Plug Connector Pneumatic Cooling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current EV charging connectors face challenges with thermal management due to flat contact elements, leading to inefficient heat dissipation and potential mechanical and safety issues, especially when handling higher currents and voltages required for fast charging of heavy vehicles.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a charging plug connector that utilizes a compressed air stream for cooling, guided through the connector to directly cool the power contact components, enhancing heat transfer and incorporating safety features to manage air flow and pressure for efficient cooling and safety.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If flat contact elements are used for mating interface, then mechanical connection is simplified, but heat dissipation efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemating interface designVSAvoidheat dissipation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces flat contact elements with cylindrical contact elements. This curvature change increases the surface area for heat dissipation and improves thermal management while maintaining the mating interface functionality. The cylindrical shape allows for better heat evacuation from the contact tips compared to flat surfaces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a new dimension for heat management by implementing internal cooling channels within the cylindrical contact elements. This allows coolant flow through the center of the contacts, creating a three-dimensional thermal management system that addresses the heat dissipation issue without compromising the simplified mating interface design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Temperature

If forced liquid cooling is used for cable and contacts, then cooling effectiveness is improved, but system complexity and water ingress risk increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling effectivenessVSAvoidwater ingress risk
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from liquid cooling to pneumatic cooling by using compressed air instead of liquid coolant. This eliminates the risk of water ingress into the connector while maintaining effective cooling of the cable and contacts. The compressed air system provides sufficient heat removal without the complications associated with liquid handling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the liquid-based thermal management system with an air-based system. This substitution eliminates the need for sealed liquid channels and reduces the complexity of the cooling system while improving reliability by removing the water ingress vulnerability inherent in liquid cooling systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Power

If connector design handles higher currents (1000 A), then charging power is improved, but heating losses and thermal management difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharging powerVSAvoidheating losses
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The cylindrical contact elements provide increased surface area compared to flat contacts, enabling more effective heat dissipation. This geometric change helps manage the heating losses that increase with higher current handling capability, allowing the connector to safely operate at 1000 A and above.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements pre-cooling of the compressed air before it enters the connector housing. This preliminary cooling action ensures that the air entering the connector is at its lowest temperature, maximizing the heat removal efficiency and addressing thermal management challenges before the air contacts the high-current components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution significantly improves thermal management and safety of EV charging connectors, reducing heat exchange issues and mechanical failures, while being cost-effective and familiar in the automotive sector, with the added benefit of using widely available and standard compressed air.

Implementation Method 1

The charging plug connector is configured to guide a compressed air stream, which is provided to the compressed air connector, to the power contact component for cooling it

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced convection: Forced Convection

Implementation Method 2

a second connecting region electrically coupled to a charging cable for providing of electrical energy to the power contact component

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP4219223A1A charging plug connector
Publication Date: 2023.08.02 ABB E-MOBILITY BV
  • EP4219223A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4219223A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4219223A1 patent drawingFigure 5a~5b

AI summary

A charging plug connector (100) for transfer of electrical energy to a corresponding connecting device (210) is described, with: at least one power contact component (122), including: a first connecting region (120) for galvanic connection to a corresponding connection region of the connecting device (210); a second connecting region (124) electrically coupled to a charging cable (130); wherein the power contact component (122) is configured to provide electrical energy from the charging cable (130) to the first connecting region (120); a charging plug housing (107) covering the power contact component (122); and a compressed air connector (110), which is mechanically coupled to the charging plug housing (107), wherein the charging plug connector (100) is configured to guide a compressed air stream, which is provided to the compressed air connector (110), to the power contact component (122) for cooling it.