Charging Roll Surface Roughness for Uniform Photoconductor Charging

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Solution Overview

Problem

Image forming apparatuses face challenges in achieving uniform charging of photoconductor elements due to uneven surface roughness of charging rolls, leading to image quality issues.

Innovation Solution

A charging roll design featuring a core member with a conductive rubber base material and a surface layer with controlled surface roughness, achieved through grinding and coating with a composition containing an electroconductive matrix and surface roughness enhancing particles, to ensure uniform discharge and prevent image unevenness.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If the surface roughness of the charging roll is increased to improve discharge uniformity, then image quality improves, but the coefficient of friction increases causing non-uniform charging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedischarge uniformityVSAvoidfriction-induced charging non-uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the surface roughness parameters of the charging roll within specific ranges (Rz: 1.5-19μm, RSm: 55-130μm) to optimize the balance between discharge uniformity and friction effects, achieving uniform charging while maintaining image quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The charging roll uses a composite structure with an electroconductive support, an electroconductive elastic layer, and an outermost layer containing particles (resin or inorganic) with specific size distributions, creating a composite surface that controls both friction and discharge characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Manufacturing precision

If fine particles are added to the surface layer to control discharge uniformity, then image quality improves, but the surface structure becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedischarge uniformityVSAvoidsurface layer structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies local quality by adding particles only to the outermost surface layer rather than throughout the entire charging roll structure, maintaining simple bulk construction while achieving complex surface functionality for controlled discharge

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention specifies particle parameters (size B1: 10-70μm, shape ratio B1/A: 5.0-30.0, inter-particle distance SSm: 50-400μm) to achieve discharge uniformity without excessive structural complexity, balancing performance and manufacturability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively reduces image unevenness by maintaining optimal surface roughness, ensuring accurate toner adhesion and high image quality by regulating the coefficient of friction and facilitating uniform discharge between the charging roll and photoconductor drum.

Implementation Method 1

a charging roll design featuring a core member with a conductive rubber base material and a surface layer with controlled surface roughness, achieved through grinding and coating with a composition containing an electroconductive matrix and surface roughness enhancing particles, to ensure uniform discharge

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 2

maintaining optimal surface roughness, ensuring accurate toner adhesion and high image quality by regulating the coefficient of friction and facilitating uniform discharge

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP4023896B1Charging roll
Publication Date: 2023.10.18 NOK CORP
  • EP4023896B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP4023896B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5
  • EP4023896B1 patent drawingFigure 6~7

AI summary

A charging roll includes a core member, a rubber base material disposed around the core member, and a surface layer disposed around the rubber base material. The average of heights of contours of convex portions relative to an average cylindrical surface obtained by averaging surface irregularities of the surface layer is equal to or greater than 2.0 micrometers and is equal to or less than 8.4 micrometers. The average of intervals between apexes of the convex portions on the surface of the surface layer is equal to or greater than 6.7 micrometers and is equal to or less than 39.8 micrometers.