Chemical Digester for Universal Organic Waste Decomposition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current technologies for wastewater treatment, soil fertilization, and organic waste decomposition face challenges such as the need for specific pollutant removal, instability of yeast fermentation compositions, nutrient deficiencies in soils, and imbalances in natural decomposition processes, leading to inefficiencies and environmental concerns like groundwater contamination and phytotoxicity.
Innovation Solution
A chemical digester is developed using a combination of organic and inorganic elements, heated to a maximum of 38°C to activate native microorganisms for universal decomposition, act as a flocculant, and provide quick, economical soil fertilization without toxicity, while also eliminating pollutants and reducing ammonia levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If specific pollutant removal methods are used (e.g., phenol oxidases for paper mill wastewater, specific enzymes for algae), then the targeted pollutant is effectively removed, but the system cannot address the variety of pollutants generally found in wastewater
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a universal enzymatic composition containing a synergistic combination of multiple enzymes (cellulases, hemicellulases, pectinases, proteases, lipases, amylases, and phenol oxidases) that can simultaneously degrade diverse pollutants including organic matter, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and chemical products, making it applicable to various wastewater types without requiring separate treatment systems for each pollutant
2Object-generated harmful factors
If yeast fermentation composition is used to deodorize wastewater and degrade organic waste, then deodorization occurs, but the composition is unstable and produces variable results from one batch to another
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from using live yeast fermentation (biological process with variable outcomes) to a stabilized enzymatic composition where enzymes are extracted, purified, and formulated with specific stabilizers and protective agents. This parameter change from biological to biochemical process ensures consistent enzyme activity and reliable performance across batches, while still achieving effective deodorization through enzymatic degradation of organic compounds
3Quantity of substance
If inorganic fertilizers are applied to soils to counteract nutrient deficiency, then nutrient levels increase quickly, but groundwater contamination and phytotoxicity occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces organic matter (such as compost, biomass, or plant residues) as an intermediary substance that slowly releases nutrients through natural decomposition processes. This intermediary approach allows nutrients to be gradually made available to plants, preventing the sudden nutrient spikes that cause phytotoxicity and groundwater contamination, while still effectively addressing soil nutrient deficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of fertilizer application by using organic-based fertilizers with controlled release characteristics, adjusting nutrient availability rates, and modifying soil organic matter content to improve nutrient retention and reduce leaching, thereby eliminating contamination risks while maintaining effective nutrient supplementation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The digester effectively reduces fecal coliform populations, accelerates organic matter decomposition, improves soil fertility, decreases ammonia levels, and reduces insect populations, offering a stable and efficient solution for wastewater treatment and agricultural waste management without harming native microorganisms.
Implementation Method 1
heated to a maximum of 38°C to activate native microorganisms
Implementation Method 2
allowing easily eliminate the supernatants, decreasing the generation of bad odors and sedimenting more quickly the solids with a clarifying effect
Implementation Method 3
acceleration of agricultural, livestock and agro-industrial waste decomposition
Implementation Method 4
chemical digester and its use for the treatment of organic matter
Data Source
AI summary
This invention refers to a method for preparing a chemical digester characterized by using organic and inorganic elements used for multiple purposes such as an accelerator in the decomposition of organic matter, as a water flocculant, as an organic soil fertilizer and as a means to eliminate the concentration of flies and other inserts in organic matter to decompose. The method comprises heating water in a reactor at a temperature of 38° C., adding a polysaccharide, an anti-thickener and an antifoam. The method then comprises the addition of two organic acids, one of them previously mixed in a second reactor and, finally, an inorganic acid until the mixture is homogenized. Optionally the method comprises the packaging of the mixture and the treatment of organic matter.